A nitric oxide generator generates nitric oxide from a mixture of nitrogen and oxygen such as air treated by a pulsating electrical discharge. The desired concentration of nitric oxide is obtained by controlling at least one of a frequency of the pulsating electrical discharge and duration of each electrical discharge pulse.

A device for generating and delivering Nitric Oxide (NO) to a treatment site includes a main unit, an applicator, a connector hose, and a mobile stand. The main unit provides power and a gas to the applicator via the connector hose. The applicator includes a plasma generator for generating NO in a plasma state. The main unit including a user interface to enable a user to control at least one operational aspect of the device. The applicator includes a pistol grip handle, a trigger for actuating the plasma generator, a hose connection for coupling to the connector hose, and a cowl portion for spacing a tip of the plasma generator at a predetermined distance from a treatment site. Sensors are provided with the applicator for sending feedback and monitoring application site temperature, proximity to the application, applicator motion and the like.

A nitric oxide generator generates nitric oxide from a mixture of nitrogen and oxygen such as air treated by a pulsating electrical discharge. The desired concentration of nitric oxide is obtained by controlling at least one of a frequency of the pulsating electrical discharge and duration of each electrical discharge pulse.

A nitric oxide generator generates nitric oxide from a mixture of nitrogen and oxygen such as air treated by a pulsating electrical discharge. The desired concentration of nitric oxide is obtained by controlling at least one of a frequency of the pulsating electrical discharge and duration of each electrical discharge pulse.

Described herein is a method for detecting steady state ammonia slip for a motor vehicle having an internal combustion engine and an emissions control system. The emissions control system includes a selective catalytic reduction (SCR) device, a NOx sensor, and a controller. The controller executes a method for ammonia slip detection that includes determining if the SCR device is at steady state, comparing a NOx measurement from the NOx sensor with a predicted NOx value. If the NOx measurement exceeds the predicted NOx value by a threshold, perturbing a reductant injection, the perturbation having a selected magnitude and a selected duration. The method also includes measuring a NOx value resulting from the perturbation and computing a gradient thereof relative to the measured NOx, and ascertaining if a gradient of the NOx resulting from the perturbation exceeds a threshold and identifying a reductant slip condition if so.

Described herein is a method for detecting steady state ammonia slip for a motor vehicle having an internal combustion engine and an emissions control system. The emissions control system includes a selective catalytic reduction (SCR) device, a NOx sensor, and a controller. The controller executes a method for ammonia slip detection that includes determining if the SCR device is at steady state, comparing a NOx measurement from the NOx sensor with a predicted NOx value. If the NOx measurement exceeds the predicted NOx value by a threshold, perturbing a reductant injection, the perturbation having a selected magnitude and a selected duration. The method also includes measuring a NOx value resulting from the perturbation and computing a gradient thereof relative to the measured NOx, and ascertaining if a gradient of the NOx resulting from the perturbation exceeds a threshold and identifying a reductant slip condition if so.

A system for generating nitric oxide can include an apparatus positioned in a trachea of a mammal, the apparatus including a respiration sensor for collecting information related to one or more triggering events associated with the trachea, an oxygen sensor for collecting information related to a concentration of oxygen in a gas, and one or more pairs of electrodes for initiating a series of electric arcs to generate nitric oxide, and the system for generating nitric oxide can also include a controller for determining one or more control parameters based on the information collected by the respiration sensor and the oxygen sensor, wherein the series of electric arcs is initiated based on the control parameters determined by the controller.

Provided herein is a process for preparing a nitrate comprising contacting a nitrogen oxide with a metal oxide under milling conditions to form a nitrate.

The present disclosure relates to a plasma reactor for plasma-based gas conversion comprising a plasma chamber and an effusion nozzle coupled to the plasma chamber. The plasma chamber comprises one or more gas inlets configured for introducing a feed gas into the plasma chamber, a first and a second electrode for generating gas discharge plasma, and at least one gas outlet opening for evacuating converted and unconverted feed gas from the plasma chamber. The effusion nozzle comprises a radial circumferential wall radially delimiting a gas-receiving cavity elongating along a central axis from a first end to a second end, and the gas-receiving cavity comprises an axial entrance opening at the first end for receiving the gas flow from the reaction chamber and an axial wall at the second end. The effusion nozzle is forming an extension of the second electrode or the effusion nozzle is forming the second electrode. The effusion nozzle further comprises one or more effusion openings for evacuating converted and unconverted feed gas from the gas-receiving cavity.

A system for generating nitric oxide can include an apparatus positioned in a trachea of a mammal, the apparatus including a respiration sensor for collecting information related to one or more triggering events associated with the trachea, an oxygen sensor for collecting information related to a concentration of oxygen in a gas, and one or more pairs of electrodes for initiating a series of electric arcs to generate nitric oxide, and the system for generating nitric oxide can also include a controller for determining one or more control parameters based on the information collected by the respiration sensor and the oxygen sensor, wherein the series of electric arcs is initiated based on the control parameters determined by the controller.