A quad-polymer composition includes monomers of (a) acrylonitrile, (a) vinylimidazole, (c) methyl acrylate and (d) either acrylic acid or itaconic acid. Such quad-polymer compositions may be used to form fibers (such as by melt spinning) that may then be annealed, stabilized, and/or carbonized to produce carbon fibers. The quad-polymer composition may be used for supercapacitors, lithium battery electrodes once carbonized, and as synthesized, it may be used for wound healing fibers, fabrics, coatings, and films, and anti-bacterial/anti-microbial fibers, fabrics, coatings and films. The carbon fibers formed from the quad-polymer composition may be used for the fiber composites for automobile, aerospace structures, marine structures, military equipment/parts, sporting goods, robotics, furniture, and electronic parts.

A quad-polymer composition includes monomers of (a) acrylonitrile, (a) vinylimidazole, (c) methyl acrylate and (d) either acrylic acid or itaconic acid. Such quad-polymer compositions may be used to form fibers (such as by melt spinning) that may then be annealed, stabilized, and/or carbonized to produce carbon fibers. The quad-polymer composition may be used for supercapacitors, lithium battery electrodes once carbonized, and as synthesized, it may be used for wound healing fibers, fabrics, coatings, and films, and anti-bacterial/anti-microbial fibers, fabrics, coatings and films. The carbon fibers formed from the quad-polymer composition may be used for the fiber composites for automobile, aerospace structures, marine structures, military equipment/parts, sporting goods, robotics, furniture, and electronic parts.

A technique that enables production of pellicle membranes that are better resistant to breakage when subjected to force exerted thereon in the thickness direction thereof and that have high transmittance to light. A pellicle membrane of the present invention includes a plurality of laminated layers, where at least one of the layers is provided with at least one hole having a width or diameter of 10 nm to 500 nm.

A technique that enables production of pellicle membranes that are better resistant to breakage when subjected to force exerted thereon in the thickness direction thereof and that have high transmittance to light. A pellicle membrane of the present invention includes a plurality of laminated layers, where at least one of the layers is provided with at least one hole having a width or diameter of 10 nm to 500 nm.

The present application relates to a sizing agent composition, a carbon fiber material and a composite material. The sizing agent composition comprises specific compositions, thereby producing a sizing agent having emulsion droplets with specific diameter. The sizing agent has excellent emulsion stability, and it can efficiently improve hygroscopicity and dimensional stability of the carbon fiber material. Besides, the sizing agent can improve bonding properties between the carbon fiber material and resin matrix, therefore enhancing properties of the composite material.

A method for producing carbon or graphite foam parts with high purity level for high-temperature insulation under vacuum or protective gas, as insulating material or as filter material, includes the following steps: introducing dry, foamable starch (1) into an open-top container (2) having a round or angular cross section, until the base (3) of the container (2) is covered amply and uniformly with starch (1); introducing the container (2) partly filled with starch (1) into an oven (4), and heating the container (2) to a foaming temperature of >180° C. over a prolonged period of several hours to foam the starch (1), until the container (2) has filled completely with carbon foam (6); withdrawing the container (2) from the oven (4) and extracting the carbon foam (6) after sufficient cooling, and optionally portioning the carbon foam (6) into carbon foam parts (6.1).

A method for producing carbon or graphite foam parts with high purity level for high-temperature insulation under vacuum or protective gas, as insulating material or as filter material, includes the following steps: introducing dry, foamable starch (1) into an open-top container (2) having a round or angular cross section, until the base (3) of the container (2) is covered amply and uniformly with starch (1); introducing the container (2) partly filled with starch (1) into an oven (4), and heating the container (2) to a foaming temperature of >180° C. over a prolonged period of several hours to foam the starch (1), until the container (2) has filled completely with carbon foam (6); withdrawing the container (2) from the oven (4) and extracting the carbon foam (6) after sufficient cooling, and optionally portioning the carbon foam (6) into carbon foam parts (6.1).

Provided herein are novel devices, systems, and methods of using the same, that enable plasma-enhanced pyrolysis of biogenic waste material comprising pyrolysis systems including primary tuyeres for introduction of natural gas directly to a molten lava bed, one or more plasma torches for introducing inert gas into the system, together with mechanisms for capture and collection of combustion products including, but not limited to, turquoise hydrogen and carbon black.

The present invention provides: a fibrous carbon characterized in that the average effective fiber length is 1-100 μm, and the crystallite length (La) measured using X-ray diffraction is 100-500 nm; an electrode mixture layer for a non-aqueous-electrolyte secondary cell, said mixture comprising an electrode active material and a carbon-based electroconductive auxiliary agent containing said fibrous carbon; an electrode for a non-aqueous-electrolyte secondary cell, the electrode comprising a collector and said electrode mixture layer for a non-aqueous-electrolyte secondary cell, the electrode mixture layer being laminated on the collector; and a non-aqueous-electrolyte secondary cell having said electrode for a non-aqueous-electrolyte secondary cell.

The present invention provides: a fibrous carbon characterized in that the average effective fiber length is 1-100 μm, and the crystallite length (La) measured using X-ray diffraction is 100-500 nm; an electrode mixture layer for a non-aqueous-electrolyte secondary cell, said mixture comprising an electrode active material and a carbon-based electroconductive auxiliary agent containing said fibrous carbon; an electrode for a non-aqueous-electrolyte secondary cell, the electrode comprising a collector and said electrode mixture layer for a non-aqueous-electrolyte secondary cell, the electrode mixture layer being laminated on the collector; and a non-aqueous-electrolyte secondary cell having said electrode for a non-aqueous-electrolyte secondary cell.