A graphene-reinforced polymer matrix composite comprising an essentially uniform distribution in a thermoplastic polymer of about 10% to about 50% of total composite weight of particles selected from graphite microparticles, single-layer graphene nanoparticles, multi-layer graphene nanoparticles, and combinations thereof, where at least 50 wt % of the particles consist of single- and/or multi-layer graphene nanoparticles less than 50 nanometers thick along a c-axis direction. The graphene-reinforced polymer matrix is prepared by a method comprising (a) distributing graphite microparticles into a molten thermoplastic polymer phase comprising one or more matrix polymers; and (b) applying a succession of shear strain events to the molten polymer phase so that the matrix polymers exfoliate the graphite successively with each event until at least 50% of the graphite is exfoliated to form a distribution in the molten polymer phase of single- and multi-layer graphene nanoparticles less than 50 nanometers thick along a c-axis direction.

A system for extracting two dimensional materials from a bulk material by functionalization of the bulk material in a reactor.

A method of manufacturing a nanoelectromechanical resonator allows for uniform tuning of a resonant frequency. The nanoelectromechanical resonator can be mass produced and used to sense the presence of a selected gas.

Provided are a conductive structure and a method of controlling a work function of metal. The conductive structure includes a conductive material layer including metal and a work function control layer for controlling a work function of the conductive structure by being bonded to the conductive material layer. The work function control layer includes a two-dimensional material with a defect.

A method for forming a cellulose acetate based reduced graphene oxide (CA-rGO) layer includes selecting a substrate; spin-coating a cellulose acetate dispersion on the substrate to obtain a cellulose acetate layer; and applying a given temperature profile to the cellulose acetate layer to transform it into the CA-rGO layer.

A method of producing isolated graphene sheets from a layered graphite, comprising: (a) forming an alkali metal ion-intercalated graphite compound by an electrochemical intercalation which uses a liquid solution of an alkali metal salt dissolved in an organic solvent as both an electrolyte and an intercalate source, layered graphite material as an anode material, and a metal or graphite as a cathode material, and wherein a current is imposed upon a cathode and an anode at a current density for a duration of time sufficient for effecting the electrochemical intercalation of alkali metal ions into interlayer spacing; and (b) exfoliating and separating hexagonal carbon atomic interlayers (graphene planes) from the alkali metal ion-intercalated graphite compound using ultrasonication, thermal shock exposure, exposure to water solution, mechanical shearing treatment, or a combination thereof to produce isolated graphene sheets.

A graphene dispersion is provided. The graphene dispersion is formed by a graphene powder and a processing solvent, wherein the graphene in the graphene dispersion has an average diameter of 0.5 μm to 1 μm, 3 to 5 layers, a solid content of 5% to 50%, and a residue oxygen content less than 1 wt %, and after being left to stand for 12 hours, the graphene dispersion has a distribution concentration increasing from the top section to the bottom section of the storage container, a viscosity of 5000 cps to 8000 cps, and a graphene concentration of 20 wt %.

Provided herein are high throughput continuous or semi-continuous reactors and processes for manufacturing graphenic materials, such as graphene. Such processes are suitable for manufacturing graphenic materials at rates that are up to hundreds of times faster than conventional techniques, and have little batch-to-batch variation. Also provided herein are graphenic compositions of matter, including large, high quality and/or highly uniform graphene.

The present invention provides an efficient and effective method to produce a graphene material by a high shear mechanical process to exfoliate a natural graphite dispersion in a solvent, followed by supercritical exfoliation and drying. The method exfoliates all graphitic flakes into mostly few-layer graphene flakes. This method is more efficient than traditional mechanical exfoliation techniques and completely avoids the need of multiple sampling/centrifugation cycles. The graphene flakes are generally uniform in both size (area) and thickness and show no clumping or aggregation. After drying, this graphene material has high dispersibility in a suitable solvent; the prepared graphene dispersion is stable for at least three months and shows no indication of settling or separation.

The introduction of graphene as a carrier for enzymes and catalysts is disclosed.