A cathode active material for a lithium secondary battery includes a lithium-aluminum-titanium oxide formed on a surface of a lithium metal oxide particle having a specific formula. The cathode active material may have an improved structural stability even in a high temperature condition.

Disclosed are a gas sensor member, a gas sensor using the same, and manufacturing methods thereof, and specifically, a gas sensor member using a one-dimensional porous metal oxide nanotube composite material having a double average pore distribution in which mesopores (0.1 nm to 50 nm) and macropores (50 nm to 300 nm) are simultaneously formed on the surface of a nanotube through decomposition of a spherical polymer sacrificial template and continuous crystallization and diffusion of a metal oxide and a nanoparticle catalyst embedded in an apoferritin is uniformly loaded in the inside and on the outer wall and inner wall of a one-dimensional metal oxide nanotube through a high-temperature heat treatment, a gas sensor using the same, and manufacturing methods thereof are disclosed.

The present invention relates to a material of the formula SnTiO.sub.3 having a crystal structure comprised of layers, wherein the layers comprise Sn(II) ions, Ti(IV) ions and edge-sharing O.sub.6-octahedra, the edge-sharing O.sub.6-octahedra form a sub-layer, the Ti(IV) ions are located within ⅔ of the edge-sharing O.sub.6-octahedra, thus forming edge-sharing TiO.sub.6-octahedra, the edge-sharing TiO.sub.6-octahedra form a honeycomb structure within the sub-layer, the honeycomb structure comprising hexagons with Ti(IV)-vacancies within the hexagons, the Sn(II) ions are located above and below the Ti(IV)-vacancies with respect to the sub-layer, the Ti(IV) ions are optionally substituted with M, M is one or more elements selected from Group 4 and Group 14 elements, and the crystal structure satisfies at least one of the following features (i) and (ii): (i) the Sn(II) ions have a tetrahedral coordination sphere involving three O ions of the layer and the electron lone pair of the Sn(II) ions which is situated at an apical position relative to the three O ions of the layer, (ii) the layers are stacked so that each layer is translated relative to each adjacent layer by a stacking vector S1 or a stacking vector S2, the centers of adjacent hexagons form a parallelogram with a side having a length x and side having a length y, the stacking vector S1 is a combined translation along the side having the length x by ⅔ x and along the side having a lengthy by ⅓ y, the stacking vector S2 is a combined translation along the side having the length x by ⅓ x and along the side having a lengthy by ⅔ y, and the crystal structure comprises layers translated relative to adjacent layers by the stacking vector 1 and layers translated relative to adjacent layers by the stacking vector S2. The present invention is further directed to a material of the formula SnTiO.sub.3 having a tetragonal perovskite-type crystal structure, a method for the preparation of SnTiO.sub.3, a device comprising a ferroelectric material and a use of the material of the formula SnTiO.sub.3 in a ferroelectric element.

According to one embodiment, a lithium ion secondary battery is provided. The lithium ion secondary battery includes a negative electrode containing a negative electrode active material-containing layer, a positive electrode, and an electrolyte containing Li ions and Na ions. The negative electrode active material-containing layer contains a Na-containing titanium composite oxide. A ratio (W.sub.E/W.sub.A) of an Na amount W.sub.E (g/g) in the electrolyte to an Na amount W.sub.A (g/g) in the negative electrode active material-containing layer satisfies Formula (1) below:
1×10.sup.−1≤W.sub.E/W.sub.A≤1×10.sup.5  (1).

Provided are lithium ions for achieving a lithium-ion secondary battery which is less susceptible to rises in internal resistance even over repeated charge-discharge cycles and which has excellent durability with respect to charge-discharge cycles.

A lithium-ion secondary battery 1 is provided with: a positive electrode; a negative electrode 7; a separator 8; an electrolyte solution 9; and a container 10 that houses the positive electrode 4, the negative electrode 7, the separator 8, and the electrolyte solution 9. At least one of the positive electrode mixture layer 3 or the negative electrode mixture layer 6 contains high-dielectric oxide solids 13, and the positive electrode active material 11 or the negative electrode active material 12 has a surface with portions thereof in contact with the high-dielectric oxide solids 13 and portions thereof in contact with the electrolyte solution 9.

An optical lens with an antireflective film includes: a lens substrate; and an antireflective film disposed on the lens substrate. The antireflective film is formed of layers each having a physical thickness of 140 nm or less. In order from an air side, the antireflective film has: a first layer formed as an MgF.sub.2 layer, a second layer, a fourth layer, a sixth layer, an eighth layer, and a tenth layer each having a refractive index of 2.0 or more and 2.3 or less, and a third layer, a fifth layer, a seventh layer, and a ninth layer each formed as an SiO.sub.2 layer.

There is provided a method for preparation of oxide support-nanoparticle composites, in which metal nanoparticles decorate with uniform size and distribution on the surface of an oxide support, and thus, high performance oxide support-nanoparticle composites that can be applied in the fields of heterogeneous catalysis can be provided.

Disclosed are embodiments of tungsten bronze crystal structures that can have both a high dielectric constant and low temperature coefficient, making them advantageous for applications that experience temperature changes and gradients. In particular, tantalum can be substituted into the crystal structure to improve properties. Embodiments of the material can be useful for radiofrequency applications such as resonators and antennas.

A cathode active material for a lithium secondary battery includes a lithium-aluminum-titanium oxide formed on a surface of a lithium metal oxide particle having a specific formula. The cathode active material may have an improved structural stability even in a high temperature condition.

An optical lens with an antireflective film includes: a lens substrate; and an antireflective film disposed on the lens substrate. The antireflective film is formed of layers each having a physical thickness of 140 nm or less. In order from an air side, the antireflective film has: a first layer formed as an MgF.sub.2 layer, a second layer, a fourth layer, a sixth layer, an eighth layer, and a tenth layer each having a refractive index of 2.0 or more and 2.3 or less, and a third layer, a fifth layer, a seventh layer, and a ninth layer each formed as an SiO.sub.2 layer.