Material properties are manipulated using rapid pulse application of energy in combination with applied electric or magnetic fields. When sintering, annealing or crystallizing a target film, the pulse repetition cycle can be constrained to ensure material temperature rises above and falls below the Curie temperature before the next energy pulse. This process results in enhanced material properties as compared to traditional techniques having a single, slow temperature excursion and subsequent application of the applied external field.

A Ce—Zr composite oxide contains cerium and zirconium, wherein an uneven distribution ratio of cerium atoms is 1.80 or less. A method for producing a Ce—Zr composite oxide includes an acid treatment step of bringing at least one selected from the group consisting of sulfuric acid, nitric acid, and hydrochloric acid, in an amount of 4 to 28 parts by mass with respect to 100 parts by mass of the raw material composite oxide, into contact with the surface of a raw material composite oxide containing cerium and zirconium, and a calcination step of calcining the treated composite oxide obtained in the acid treatment step at 400 to 1200° C. for 5 to 300 minutes.

An electronic device comprises a first blocking electrode; a second blocking electrode; and a dielectric material disposed between the first electrode and the second electrode, the dielectric material comprising a compound of Formula 1

Li.sub.24-b*y-c*z-a*xM.sup.1.sub.yM.sup.2.sub.zM.sup.3.sub.xO.sub.12-δ  (1)

wherein M.sup.1 is a cationic element having an oxidation state of b, wherein b is +1, +2, +3, +4, +5, +6, or a combination thereof; M.sup.2 is a cationic element having an oxidation state of c, wherein c is +1, +2, +3, +4, +5, +6, or a combination thereof; M.sup.3 is a cationic element having an oxidation state of a, wherein a is +1, +3, +4, or a combination thereof; 0≤y≤3; 0≤z≤3; 0≤x≤5; and 0≤δ≤2. Methods for the manufacture of the electronic device are also disclosed.

A ceramic powder material which contains an LLZ-based garnet-type compound represented by Li.sub.7−3xAl.sub.xLa.sub.3Zr.sub.2O.sub.12 (where x satisfies 0≤x≤0.3) and in which a main phase of a crystal phase undergoes phase transition from a tetragonal phase to a cubic phase in the process of raising a temperature from 25° C. to 1050° C. and the main phase is the cubic phase even after the temperature is lowered to 25° C.

The present invention provides an Al.sub.2O.sub.3—ZrO.sub.2—Y.sub.2O.sub.3—TiN nanocomposite ceramic powder and a preparation method thereof, and belongs to the field of ceramic materials. In the ceramic powder provided by the present invention, a molar ratio of Zr:Al:Y:Ti is (30-70):(10-30):(0.4-1):(5-20). The nanocomposite ceramic powder provided by the present invention is good in dispersibility, and does not generate agglomeration, and the mechanical properties of a ceramic material obtained after sintering of the nanocomposite ceramic powder provided by the present invention are better. Proved by results of embodiments, the hardness of a ceramic material obtained by sintering of the nanocomposite ceramic powder provided by the present invention is 28-35 GPa, and abrasion ratio is 4500-6000:1.

A method for producing a solid electrolyte according to the present disclosure includes forming a mixture by mixing raw material solutions containing elements shown in the following compositional formula (1) or (2) with a ketone-based solvent, forming a calcined body by subjecting the mixture to a first heating treatment, and performing main firing by subjecting the calcined body to a second heating treatment.
(Li.sub.7−3xGa.sub.x)(La.sub.3−yNd.sub.y)Zr.sub.2O.sub.12  (1)
(Li.sub.7−3x+yGa.sub.x)(La.sub.3−yCa.sub.y)Zr.sub.2O.sub.12  (2) Provided that 0.1≤x≤1.0 and 0<y≤0.2.

A sorbent cartridge device includes an ion-exchange material containing zirconium phosphate and no more than about 0.1 mg of leachable phosphate ions per about 1 g of the ion-exchange material. In one example, the cartridge also includes a phosphate-adsorbing material containing zirconium oxide. In this example, the weight ratio between zirconium phosphate and zirconium oxide in the cartridge is from about 10:1 to about 40:1. The zirconium phosphate may be alkaline zirconium phosphate prepared by a process including the following steps: (i) drying acid zirconium phosphate to obtain a dry acid zirconium phosphate; (ii) combining the dry acid zirconium phosphate with an aqueous solution to obtain an aqueous slurry; and (iii) combining the slurry with an alkali hydroxide to obtain the alkaline zirconium phosphate. During step (ii), any free phosphate ions in the dry acid zirconium phosphate leach out into the aqueous phase of the slurry.

A precursor solution of a garnet-type solid electrolyte is provided represented by the compositional formula: Li.sub.7−xLa.sub.3(Zr.sub.2−xM.sub.x)O.sub.12, wherein in the compositional formula, the element M is two or more types of elements selected from Nb, Ta, and Sb, and x satisfies 0.0<x<2.0, the precursor solution contains one type of solvent, and a lithium compound, a lanthanum compound, a zirconium compound, and a compound containing the element M, each of which has solubility in the solvent, and with respect to the stoichiometric composition of the compositional formula, the amount of the lithium compound is 1.05 times or more and 1.20 times or less, the amount of the lanthanum compound is equal, the amount of the zirconium compound is equal, and the amount of the compound containing the element M is equal.

A solid ion conductor, a solid electrolyte and an electrochemical device including the solid ion conductor, and a method of preparing the solid ion conductor are disclosed. The solid ion conductor may include a compound represented by Formula 1:
Li.sub.aM.sub.bM′.sub.cZr.sub.dX.sub.e  Formula 1 wherein, M is one or more metals of Na, K, Cs, Cu, or Ag, and having an oxidation state of +1, M′ is one or more lanthanide metals having an oxidation state of +3 and a crystal ionic radius of about 104 picometers to about 109 picometers, X is one or more halogen elements, 1<a<3.5, 0≤b<1, 0<c<1.5, 0<d<1.5, and 0<e<7.

Disclosed is a mixed oxide comprising Ce.sub.aZr.sub.bM.sub.cL.sub.dO.sub.z, where: M is Y, Sc, Ca, Mg or a mixture thereof; L is one or more rare earth elements, not including Y or Sc; 0.30≤a≤0.60; 0<c≤0.3; d≤0.1; b=1−(a+c+d); and when M is trivalent, z=(2a+2b+1.5d+1.5c), or when M is divalent, z=(2a+2b+1.5d+c).