An electrode formulation including a polymer, which can be ion-conducting or non-conducting; an ion-conducting inorganic material; a lithium salt; and optionally an additive salt.

Disclosed are embodiments of a barium magnesium tantalate including additional components to increase the Q value of the material. In some embodiments, complex tungsten oxides and/or hexagonal perovskite crystal structures can be added into the barium magnesium tantalate to provide for advantageous properties. In some embodiments, no tin is used in the formation of the material.

To provide a structural body having a new shape and including a garnet crystal structure. A structural body comprising Li.sub.aM.sup.1.sub.bM.sup.2.sub.cO.sub.d (5a8; 2.5b3.5; 1.5c2.5; 10d14; M.sup.1 is at least one element selected from Al, Y, La, Pr, Nd, Sm, Lu, Mg, Ca, Sr, or Ba; and M.sup.2 is at least one element selected from Zr, Hf, Nb, or Ta) including a garnet crystal structure, wherein in a scanning electron microscopic image obtained through observation of a fracture surface in a depth direction of the structural body, a striped pattern extending along the depth direction is shown, and/or in a scanning electron microscopic image obtained through observation of a cut surface in the depth direction of the structural body, a continuous body extending along the depth direction is shown.

A composite solid state electrolyte comprises a polymer electrolyte material, a ceramic ion conductor, and a functionalized coupling agent selected to be compatible with the ceramic ion conductor and the bulk polymer compound. The polymer electrolyte material comprises a bulk polymer compound and a lithium salt. The functionalized coupling agent has a backbone that is structurally similar to the bulk polymer compound.

According to one embodiment, there is provided an active substance. The active substance contains active material particles. The active material particles comprise a compound represented by the formula: Ti.sub.1-xM1.sub.xNb.sub.2-yM2.sub.yO.sub.7. The active material particles has a peak A attributed to a (110) plane which appears at 2 ranging from 23.74 to 24.14, a peak B attributed to a (003) plane which appears at 2 ranging from 25.81 to 26.21 and a peak C attributed to a (602) plane which appears at 2 ranging from 26.14 to 26.54 in an X-ray diffraction pattern of the active material particles. An intensity I.sub.A of the peak A, an intensity I.sub.B of the peak B, and an intensity I.sub.C of the peak C satisfy the relation (1): 0.80I.sub.B/I.sub.A1.12; and the relation (2) I.sub.C/I.sub.B0.80.

The present invention involves pigments derived from compounds with the LiSbO.sub.3-type or LiNbO.sub.3-type structures. These compounds possess the following formulations M.sup.1M.sup.5Z.sub.3, M.sup.1M.sup.2M.sup.4M.sup.5Z.sub.6, M.sup.1M.sup.3.sub.2M.sup.5Z.sub.6, M.sup.1M.sup.2M.sup.3M.sup.6Z.sub.6, M.sup.1.sub.2M.sup.4M.sup.6Z.sub.6, M.sup.1M.sup.5M.sup.6Z.sub.6, or a combination thereof. The cation M.sup.1 represents an element with a valence of +1 or a mixture thereof, the cation M.sup.2 represents an element with a valence of +2 or a mixture thereof, the cation M.sup.3 represents an element with a valence of +3 or a mixture thereof, the cation M.sup.4 represents an element with a valence of +4 or a mixture thereof, the cation M.sup.5 represents an element with a valence of +5 or a mixture thereof, and the cation M.sup.6 represents an element with a valence of +6 or a mixture thereof. The cation M is selected from H, Li, Na, K, Rb, Cs, Mg, Ca, Sr, Ba, Sc, Y, La, Ce, Pr, Nd, Sm, Eu, Gd, Tb, Dy, Ho, Er, Tm, Yb, Lu, Ti, Zr, Hf, V, Nb, Ta, Cr, Mo, W, Mn, Fe, Ru, Co, Ni, Cu, Ag, Zn, B, Al, Ga, In, Si, Ge, Sn, P, Sb, or Te. The anion Z is selected from N, O, S, Se, Cl, F, hydroxide ion or a mixture thereof. Along with the elements mentioned above vacancies may also reside on the M or Z sites of the above formulations such that the structural type is retained. The above formula may also include M dopant additions below 20 atomic %, where the dopant is selected from H, Li, Na, K, Rb, Cs, Mg, Ca, Sr, Ba, Sc, Y, La, Ce, Pr, Nd, Sm, Eu, Gd, Tb, Dy, Ho, Er, Tm, Yb, Lu, Ti, Zr, Hf, V, Nb, Ta, Cr, Mo, W, Mn, Fe, Ru, Co, Ni, Cu, Ag, Zn, B, Al, Ga, In, Si, Ge, Sn, P, Sb, Bi, Te, or mixtures thereof.

There are provided a lithium-containing garnet crystal high in density and ionic conductivity, and an all-solid-state lithium ion secondary battery using the lithium-containing garnet crystal. The lithium-containing garnet crystal has a chemical composition represented by Li.sub.7-xLa.sub.3Zr.sub.2-xTa.sub.xO.sub.12 (0.2x1), and has a relative density of 99% or higher, belongs to a cubic system, and has a garnet-related structure. The lithium-containing garnet crystal has a lithium ion conductivity of 1.010.sup.3 S/cm or higher. Further, this solid electrolyte material has a lattice constant a of 1.28 nma1.30 nm, and lithium ions occupy 96h-sites in the crystal structure. The all-solid-state lithium ion secondary battery has a positive electrode, a negative electrode and a solid electrolyte, and the solid electrolyte is constituted of the lithium-containing garnet crystal according to the present invention.

A vehicle containing an nonaqueous electrolyte battery, the nonaqueous electrolyte battery including: a negative electrode containing a negative electrode active material; a positive electrode; and a nonaqueous electrolyte, where the negative electrode active material contains a composite oxide of formula:
Li.sub.x(Nb.sub.1-yTa.sub.y).sub.2-zTi.sub.1+0.5zM.sub.0.5zO.sub.7, where 0x5, 0y1, and 0.4z1, and M is at least one metal element selected from Mo and W.

Disclosed are embodiments of a barium magnesium tantalate including additional components to increase the Q value of the material. In some embodiments, complex tungsten oxides and/or hexagonal perovskite crystal structures can be added into the barium magnesium tantalate to provide for advantageous properties. In some embodiments, no tin is used in the formation of the material.

A positive electrode material includes a positive electrode active material, a solid electrolyte, and an organic solvent. The solid electrolyte contains Li, M, O, and X. M is at least one selected from the group consisting of Ta and Nb. X is at least one selected from the group consisting of F, Cl, Br, and I. The organic solvent has a boiling point of less than or equal to 212? C.