The present disclosure relates to double layered hydroxide-type compounds comprising both di- and tri-valent nickel ions, and the use of such compounds in electrodes for energy storage device in addition to a previously developed electrode using Fe.sup.2+ and Fe.sup.3+ “green rusts related compounds”.

Described herein is a nanocrystalline ferrite having the formula Ni.sub.1−x−yM.sub.yCo.sub.xFe.sub.2+zO.sub.4, wherein M is at least one of Zn, Mg, Cu, or Mn, x is 0.01 to 0.8, y is 0.01 to 0.8, and z is −0.5 to 0.5, and wherein the nanocrystalline ferrite has an average grain size of 5 to 100 nm. A method of forming the nanocrystalline ferrite can comprise high energy ball milling.

Disclosed is a ferromagnetic element-substituted room-temperature multiferroic material having ferromagnetism and ferroelectricity at room temperature, wherein the ferromagnetic element-substituted room-temperature multiferroic material includes a compound of chemical formula 1: <chemical formula 1> (Pb.sub.1-xM.sub.x)Fe.sub.1/2Nb.sub.1/2O.sub.3. In chemical formula 1, M represents a ferromagnetic element, and x represents a number greater than 0 and smaller than 1.

Embodiments of synthetic garnet materials having advantageous properties, especially for below resonance frequency applications, are disclosed herein. In particular, embodiments of the synthetic garnet materials can have high Curie temperatures and dielectric constants while maintaining low magnetization. These materials can be incorporated into isolators and circulators, such as for use in telecommunication base stations.

Disclosed herein are doped perovskite oxides. The doped perovskite oxides may be used as a cathode material in an electrochemical cell to electrochemically generate ammonia from N.sub.2. The doped perovskite oxides may be combined with nitride compounds, for instance iron nitride, to further increase the efficiency of the ammonia production.

Methods of forming spinel ferrite nanoparticles containing a chromium-substituted copper ferrite as well as properties (e.g. particle size, crystallite size, pore size, surface area) of these spinel ferrite nanoparticles are described. Methods of preventing or reducing microbe growth on a surface by applying these spinel ferrite nanoparticles onto the surface in the form of a suspension or an antimicrobial product are also described.

A hydrothermal synthesis for LiFePO.sub.4 is provided. First, each raw material solution is prepared using a degassed water in advance, second, those solution are mixed by dripping in a fixed order, and then those materials are reacted in a hydrothermal synthesis, so that LiFePO.sub.4 is obtained in a predesigned form.

Embodiments of synthetic garnet materials having advantageous properties, especially for below resonance frequency applications, are disclosed herein. In particular, embodiments of the synthetic garnet materials can have high Curie temperatures and dielectric constants while maintaining low magnetization. These materials can be incorporated into isolators and circulators, such as for use in telecommunication base stations.

According to the present invention, there are provided ferrite particles for bonded magnets and a resin composition for bonded magnets which are capable of producing a bonded magnet molded product having a good tensile elongation and exhibiting excellent magnetic properties, as well as a bonded magnet molded product such as a rotor which is obtained by using the resin composition. The present invention relates to ferrite particles for bonded magnets having a bulk density of not less than 0.5 g/cm.sup.3 and less than 0.6 g/cm.sup.3 and a degree of compaction of not less than 65%, a resin composition for bonded magnets using the ferrite particles, and a molded product obtained by using the ferrite particles and the resin composition.

Embodiments disclosed herein relate to using cobalt (Co) to fine tune the magnetic properties, such as permeability and magnetic loss, of nickel-zinc ferrites to improve the material performance in electronic applications. The method comprises replacing nickel (Ni) with sufficient Co.sup.+2 such that the relaxation peak associated with the Co.sup.+2 substitution and the relaxation peak associated with the nickel to zinc (Ni/Zn) ratio are into near coincidence. When the relaxation peaks overlap, the material permeability can be substantially maximized and magnetic loss substantially minimized. The resulting materials are useful and provide superior performance particularly for devices operating at the 13.56 MHz ISM band.