A method for producing oxide particles with controlled color characteristics and to provide oxide particles with controlled color characteristics includes controlling color characteristics of the oxide particles by controlling the ratio of M-OH bonds, the binding of one or more different elements (M) other than oxygen or hydrogen with hydroxyl group (OH), in oxide particles selected from metal oxide particles and metalloid oxide particles. Oxide particles having controlled color characteristics of any one of reflectance, transmittance, molar absorption coefficient, hue, or color saturation can be provided by controlling the percentage of the M-OH bonds contained in metal oxide particles or metalloid oxide particles.

Ferrite powder of the present invention is ferrite powder detectable with a metal detector, comprising: soft ferrite particles containing Mn of 3.5 mass % or more and 20.0 mass % or less and Fe of 50.0 mass % or more and 70.0 mass % or less. It is preferable that a volume average particle diameter of the particles constituting the ferrite powder is 0.1 μm or more and 100 μm or less. It is preferable that magnetization by a VSM measurement when magnetic field of 5 K.Math.1000/4πA/m is applied is 85 A.Math.m.sup.2/kg or more and 98 A.Math.m.sup.2/kg or less.

Ferrite powder of the present invention is ferrite powder detectable with a metal detector, comprising: soft ferrite particles containing Mn of 3.5 mass % or more and 20.0 mass % or less and Fe of 50.0 mass % or more and 70.0 mass % or less. It is preferable that a volume average particle diameter of the particles constituting the ferrite powder is 0.1 μm or more and 100 μm or less. It is preferable that magnetization by a VSM measurement when magnetic field of 5 K.Math.1000/4πA/m is applied is 85 A.Math.m.sup.2/kg or more and 98 A.Math.m.sup.2/kg or less.

Disclosed herein are system and methods to effectively leach coal ash with hydrochloric acid and separate an insoluble silica product and then selectively precipitate, from the leachate, a number to value-added, strategic, marketable products using a hydroxide reagent. The resulting precipitated products include iron, aluminum, magnesium, calcium, and a mixture of rare earth elements and transition metals. These can be separated as hydroxides or converted to oxides or carbonates. Using hydrochloric acid for leaching and converting the chloride to sodium chloride in the final step results in practically no waste for this process. The silica can be further purified using sodium hydroxide fusion or caustic leach methods and some minor streams from this process are recycled to minimize any waste stream. These systems and methods can be applied to a number of other industrial waste products such as red mud from the aluminum process, slag from steel furnaces, mine tailings, and other metal-bearing waste streams.

Disclosed herein are system and methods to effectively leach coal ash with hydrochloric acid and separate an insoluble silica product and then selectively precipitate, from the leachate, a number to value-added, strategic, marketable products using a hydroxide reagent. The resulting precipitated products include iron, aluminum, magnesium, calcium, and a mixture of rare earth elements and transition metals. These can be separated as hydroxides or converted to oxides or carbonates. Using hydrochloric acid for leaching and converting the chloride to sodium chloride in the final step results in practically no waste for this process. The silica can be further purified using sodium hydroxide fusion or caustic leach methods and some minor streams from this process are recycled to minimize any waste stream. These systems and methods can be applied to a number of other industrial waste products such as red mud from the aluminum process, slag from steel furnaces, mine tailings, and other metal-bearing waste streams.

With an aim to provide an oxide particle with controlled color characteristics, the present invention provides a method for producing an oxide particle, wherein the color characteristics of the oxide particle are controlled by controlling a M-OH bond/M-O bond ratio, which is a ratio of a M-OH bond between an element (M) and a hydroxide group (OH) to a ratio of an M-O bond between the element (M) and oxygen (O), where the element (M) is one or plural different elements other than oxygen or hydrogen included in the oxide particle selected from metal oxide particles and semi-metal oxide particles. According to the present invention, by controlling the M-OH bond/M-O bond ratio of the metal oxide particle or the semi-metal oxide particle, the oxide particle with controlled color characteristics of any of reflectance, transmittance, molar absorption coefficient, hue, and saturation can be provided.

With an aim to provide an oxide particle with controlled color characteristics, the present invention provides a method for producing an oxide particle, wherein the color characteristics of the oxide particle are controlled by controlling a M-OH bond/M-O bond ratio, which is a ratio of a M-OH bond between an element (M) and a hydroxide group (OH) to a ratio of an M-O bond between the element (M) and oxygen (O), where the element (M) is one or plural different elements other than oxygen or hydrogen included in the oxide particle selected from metal oxide particles and semi-metal oxide particles. According to the present invention, by controlling the M-OH bond/M-O bond ratio of the metal oxide particle or the semi-metal oxide particle, the oxide particle with controlled color characteristics of any of reflectance, transmittance, molar absorption coefficient, hue, and saturation can be provided.

A method for preparing Iron Oxide-hydroxide (FeOOH), and a positive electrode for a lithium-sulfur battery including Iron Oxide-hydroxide. In particular, the preparation of crystalline Iron Oxide-hydroxide, particularly, lepidocrocite (γ-FeOOH), by controlling a reaction time and a reaction temperature, and by using the prepared high purity Iron Oxide-hydroxide in a positive electrode of a lithium-sulfur battery, may enhance discharge capacity and lifetime properties of the battery.

A method for preparing Iron Oxide-hydroxide (FeOOH), and a positive electrode for a lithium-sulfur battery including Iron Oxide-hydroxide. In particular, the preparation of crystalline Iron Oxide-hydroxide, particularly, lepidocrocite (γ-FeOOH), by controlling a reaction time and a reaction temperature, and by using the prepared high purity Iron Oxide-hydroxide in a positive electrode of a lithium-sulfur battery, may enhance discharge capacity and lifetime properties of the battery.

Cathode material from exhausted lithium ion batteries are dissolved in a solution for extracting the useful elements Co (cobalt), Ni (nickel), Al (Aluminum) and Mn (manganese) to produce active cathode materials for new batteries. The solution includes compounds of desirable materials such as cobalt, nickel, aluminum and manganese dissolved as compounds from the exhausted cathode material of spent cells. Depending on a desired proportion, or ratio, of the desired materials, raw materials are added to the solution to achieve the desired ratio of the commingled compounds for the recycled cathode material for new cells. The desired materials precipitate out of solution without extensive heating or separation of the desired materials into individual compounds or elements. The resulting active cathode material has the predetermined ratio for use in new cells, and avoids high heat typically required to separate the useful elements because the desired materials remain commingled in solution.