The invention relates to a method for producing an adjusted nanoparticle composition comprising ultra-small superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles coated with dextran-T10, compositions obtained thereby, and uses of such compositions. The adjusted compositions have improved parameters such as lower batch-to-batch variance and improved stability, and are useful as magnetic imaging agents.

The invention relates to a method for producing an adjusted nanoparticle composition comprising ultra-small superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles coated with dextran-T10, compositions obtained thereby, and uses of such compositions. The adjusted compositions have improved parameters such as lower batch-to-batch variance and improved stability, and are useful as magnetic imaging agents.

The present invention relates to a novel use of magnetic iron oxide red Fe.sub.21.333O.sub.32 as a catalyst in oxidizing methanthiol to prepare dimethyl disulfide. The magnetic iron oxide red Fe.sub.21.333O.sub.32 according to the present invention has extremely high catalytic selectivity in catalyzing and oxidizing methanthiol to prepare dimethyl disulfide. The magnetic iron oxide red Fe.sub.21.333O.sub.32 is prepared with a carbonate and a ferrite as raw materials, has advantages of low cost and simple preparation process, and is suitable for industrial production.

The present invention relates to a novel use of magnetic iron oxide red Fe.sub.21.333O.sub.32 as a catalyst in oxidizing methanthiol to prepare dimethyl disulfide. The magnetic iron oxide red Fe.sub.21.333O.sub.32 according to the present invention has extremely high catalytic selectivity in catalyzing and oxidizing methanthiol to prepare dimethyl disulfide. The magnetic iron oxide red Fe.sub.21.333O.sub.32 is prepared with a carbonate and a ferrite as raw materials, has advantages of low cost and simple preparation process, and is suitable for industrial production.

The invention relates to a method for the further processing of iron sulfate heptahydrate into iron sulfate monohydrate. An aqueous solution or suspension of iron sulfate heptahydrate is formed and heated in a pressure vessel to a temperature above its boiling temperature at atmospheric pressure and where solid iron sulfate monohydrate and a solution are formed. The solid iron sulfate monohydrate is separated from the solution and fed into a pressure vessel at a temperature above the boiling temperature of the solution at the pressure in the pressure vessel, which is lower than the pressure during separation.

The invention relates to a method for the further processing of iron sulfate heptahydrate into iron sulfate monohydrate. An aqueous solution or suspension of iron sulfate heptahydrate is formed and heated in a pressure vessel to a temperature above its boiling temperature at atmospheric pressure and where solid iron sulfate monohydrate and a solution are formed. The solid iron sulfate monohydrate is separated from the solution and fed into a pressure vessel at a temperature above the boiling temperature of the solution at the pressure in the pressure vessel, which is lower than the pressure during separation.

A battery cell having an anode or cathode comprising an acidified metal oxide (“AMO”) material, preferably in monodisperse nanoparticulate form 20 nm or less in size, having a pH<7 when suspended in a 5 wt % aqueous solution and a Hammett function H.sub.0>−12, at least on its surface.

A battery cell having an anode or cathode comprising an acidified metal oxide (“AMO”) material, preferably in monodisperse nanoparticulate form 20 nm or less in size, having a pH<7 when suspended in a 5 wt % aqueous solution and a Hammett function H.sub.0>−12, at least on its surface.

Cathode material from exhausted lithium ion batteries are dissolved in a solution for extracting the useful elements Co (cobalt), Ni (nickel), Al (Aluminum) and Mn (manganese) to produce active cathode materials for new batteries. The solution includes compounds of desirable materials such as cobalt, nickel, aluminum and manganese dissolved as compounds from the exhausted cathode material of spent cells. Depending on a desired proportion, or ratio, of the desired materials, raw materials are added to the solution to achieve the desired ratio of the commingled compounds for the recycled cathode material for new cells. The desired materials precipitate out of solution without extensive heating or separation of the desired materials into individual compounds or elements. The resulting active cathode material has the predetermined ratio for use in new cells, and avoids high heat typically required to separate the useful elements because the desired materials remain commingled in solution.

A uniform cluster of nanocompositions suspended in a liquid media is provided. Methods of making such nanocompositions, and uses of such nanocompositions are also provided. The nanocompositions can be used for nucleic acid extraction and diagnostic assays, for immunoassays, for cell separation, identification and modulation, for controlled functional molecule protection and release, for assays used in the clinic (companion diagnostics) or in the therapeutic development process (drug target validation), and in a system for transcatheter arterial chemoembolization, and demonstrate superior performance due to the uniform property or monodispersity.