When spinel-type lithiated cobalt oxide is employed for a cathode active material for a lithium ion battery, a sufficient discharge capacity is not always obtained. Thus, spinel-type lithiated cobalt oxide is doped with at least chromium, and specifically, a cathode active material for a lithium ion battery includes a spinel-type crystal phase including lithium, cobalt, chromium and oxygen, and the cathode active material has a composition represented by LiCo.sub.xCr.sub.yM.sub.zO.sub.2 where M is at least one selected from Al and Mn, and 0.85x<1, 0<y0.15, 0z, and 0.85<x+y+z1.2

A hydroprocessing catalyst or catalyst precursor has been developed. The catalyst is a poorly crystalline transition metal molybdotungstate material or a metal sulfide decomposition product thereof. The hydroprocessing using the crystalline ammonia transition metal molybdotungstate material may include hydrodenitrification, hydrodesulfurization, hydrodemetallation, hydrodesilication, hydrodearomatization, hydroisomerization, hydrotreating, hydrofining, and hydrocracking.

The present invention provides a positive-electrode active material for non-aqueous secondary battery comprising a sodium transition metal composite oxide represented by Formula:
Na.sub.xFe.sub.1-yM.sub.yO.sub.2, wherein 0.4x0.7, 0.25y<1.0, and M is at least one element selected from the group consisting of manganese, cobalt and nickel, the sodium transition metal composite oxide having a crystal structure substantially composed of P6.sub.3/mmc alone.

A process for preparing a stable Li.sub.xMn.sub.2-yMe.sub.yO.sub.4-zCl.sub.z material with a MO.sub.b or MMn.sub.aO.sub.b charge transfer catalyst coating is provided, where Me is Fe, Co, or Ni and M is Bi, As, or Sb. In addition, a Li.sub.xMn.sub.2-yMe.sub.yO.sub.4-zCl.sub.z material with a MO.sub.b or MMn.sub.aO.sub.b charge transfer catalyst coating is provided. Furthermore, a lithium or lithium ion rechargeable electrochemical cell is provided, which includes a cathode material (in a positive electrode) containing a Li.sub.xMn.sub.2-yMe.sub.yO.sub.4-zCl.sub.z material with a MO.sub.b or MMn.sub.aO.sub.b charge transfer catalyst coating.

Lithium-containing thiostannate spinel compounds having the formula Li.sub.2M.sub.1+xSn.sub.3?xS.sub.8, where x is 0 or 1 and M is Mg, Fe, Mn, Ni, Ga, In, or a combination thereof; or the formula Li.sub.1.66CuSn.sub.3.33S.sub.8 are provided. Methods and devices for detecting incident neutrons and alpha-particles using the compounds are also provided. For thermal neutron detection applications, the compounds can be enriched with lithium-6 isotope (.sup.6Li) to enhance their neutron detecting capabilities.

A layered double hydroxide is represented by the following formula (I): Ni.sup.2+.sub.1?(x+y+z)Fe.sup.3+.sub.xV.sup.3+.sub.yCo.sup.3+.sub.z(OH).sub.2A.sup.n?.sub.(x+y+z)/n.Math.mH.sub.2O . . . (I). In one embodiment, in the formula (I), (x+y+z) is from 0.2 to 0.5, x represents more than 0 and 0.3 or less, y represents from 0.04 to 0.49, and z represents more than 0 and 0.2 or less.

A method for producing a nickel cobalt complex hydroxide includes first crystallization of supplying a solution containing Ni, Co and Mn, a complex ion forming agent and a basic solution separately and simultaneously to one reaction vessel to obtain nickel cobalt complex hydroxide particles, and a second crystallization of, after the first crystallization, further supplying a solution containing nickel, cobalt, and manganese, a solution of a complex ion forming agent, a basic solution, and a solution containing said element M separately and simultaneously to the reaction vessel to crystallize a complex hydroxide particles containing nickel, cobalt, manganese and said element M on the nickel cobalt complex hydroxide particles crystallizing a complex hydroxide particles comprising Ni, Co, Mn and the element M on the nickel cobalt complex hydroxide particles.

Disclosed is a lithium-cobalt based complex oxide represented by Formula 1 below including lithium, cobalt and manganese wherein the lithium-cobalt based complex oxide maintains a crystal structure of a single O3 phase at a state of charge (SOC) of 50% or more based on a theoretical amount:
Li.sub.xCo.sub.1-y-zMn.sub.yA.sub.zO.sub.2(1) wherein 0.95x1.15, 0y0.3 and 0z0.2; and A is at least one element selected the group consisting of Al, Mg, Ti, Zr, Sr, W, Nb, Mo, Ga, and Ni.

A positive-electrode active material contains a compound that has a crystal structure belonging to the space group FM3-M and that is represented by the composition formula (1):
Li.sub.xMe.sub.yO.sub.F.sub.(1) wherein Me denotes one or two or more elements selected from the group consisting of B, Ce, Si, Zr, Nb, Pr, Ti, W, Ge, Mo, Sn, and solid solutions thereof, and the following conditions are satisfied.
1.8x2.2
0.8y1.3
1.22.5
0.51.8

Provided is a precursor of a positive electrode active material containing, in a reduced amount, impurities which do not contribute to a charge/discharge reaction but rather corrode a firing furnace and peripheral equipment and thus having excellent battery characteristics and safety, and production method thereof.

A method for producing a precursor of a positive electrode active material for nonaqueous electrolyte secondary batteries having a hollow structure or porous structure includes obtaining the precursor by washing nickel-manganese composite hydroxide particles having a particular composition ratio and a pore structure in which pores are present within the particles with an aqueous carbonate solution having a carbonate concentration of 0.1 mol/L or more.