According to one embodiment, provided is a nonaqueous electrolyte battery including a positive electrode, a negative electrode, and a nonaqueous electrolyte. The negative electrode contains a negative electrode active material containing orthorhombic Na-containing niobium-titanium composite oxide particles represented by general formula (1) Li.sub.2+vNa.sub.2−yM1.sub.xTi.sub.6−y−zNb.sub.yM2.sub.zO.sub.14+δ. In general formula (1), M1 is one or two or more elements selected from the group consisting of Cs, K, Sr, Ba, and Ca, M2 is one or two or more elements selected from the group consisting of Zr, Al, Sn, V, Ta, Mo, W, Fe, Co, and Mn, 0≤v<2, 0≤x<2, 0<y<2, 0≤z<3, and −0.5≤δ≤0.5. The nonaqueous electrolyte contains an Na component in a range of 10 ppm by mass to 3,000 ppm by mass.

Provided are a device and a method for synthesis of a gallium-containing garnet-structured scintillator polycrystalline material. The synthesis device includes a polycrystalline material synthesis chamber (7) made of a thermal insulation material (1); a crucible (3) arranged at the center of the bottom of the polycrystalline material synthesis chamber; an induction coil (2) annularly arranged outside the polycrystalline material synthesis chamber at a position with a height corresponding to that of the crucible; an arc heating device (4) arranged on a central axis of the induction coil in the polycrystalline material synthesis chamber, so as to heat and melt raw materials at the center of the crucible by means of the high temperature generated by arc discharge; the induction coil is connected to a RF induction power supply.

Garnet silicate is garnet silicate containing, as a main component, silicate represented by a general formula: Lu.sub.2CaMg.sub.2(SiO.sub.4).sub.3. The garnet silicate includes primary particles having a particle shape derived from a crystal structure of garnet. Moreover, the garnet silicate further contains alkaline metal including at least lithium, in which a content of the alkaline metal is less than 2000 ppm. The garnet silicate phosphor includes garnet silicate and ions which are included in the garnet silicate and function as a light emission center. The wavelength converter includes the garnet silicate phosphor. A light emitting device includes the garnet silicate phosphor or the wavelength converter.

A magnetic material is constituted of a ferromagnetic or ferrimagnetic insulator in a double perovskite structure of Sr.sub.3-xA.sub.xOs.sub.1-yB.sub.yO.sub.6 (0.5≤x≤0.5, −0.5≤y≤0.5). A is an alkali metal or alkaline earth metal atom, and B is a transition metal atom, alkali metal atom, or alkaline earth metal atom). The insulator may be Sr.sub.3OsO.sub.6, where x=y=0 in the above formula. Sr.sub.3OsO.sub.6 is formed to have a cubic crystal structure where strontium atoms, osmium atoms, and oxygen atoms are arranged at lattice points.

Disclosed herein are ceramic materials, such as bismuth substituted garnets, which can have high curie temperatures and high dielectric constants. In certain implementations, indium can be incorporated into the ceramic to improve certain properties and to avoid calcium compensation. The ceramic materials disclosed herein can be particular advantageous for below resonance applications.

A boehmite structure includes a plurality of boehmite particles where adjacent boehmite particles are bonded to each other. The boehmite structure has a porosity of 30% or less. A method of producing a boehmite structure includes obtaining a mixture by mixing hydraulic alumina with a solvent including water, and pressurizing and heating the mixture under a condition of a pressure of 10 to 600 MPa and a temperature of 50 to 300° C.

A colloidal crystal having a diamond lattice structure, including: a first layer in which a first plurality of particles are arranged to form a plane of a face-centered cubic lattice structure; a second layer in which a second plurality of particles are arranged on the first layer in contact with the first particles; and a third layer in which a third plurality of particles are arranged on the second layer in contact with the second particles, wherein the colloidal crystal includes at least one layer of each of the first layer, the second layer and the third layer.

Silicon-carbon composite materials and related processes are disclosed that overcome the challenges for providing amorphous nano-sized silicon entrained within porous carbon. Compared to other, inferior materials and processes described in the prior art, the materials and processes disclosed herein find superior utility in various applications, including energy storage devices such as lithium ion batteries.

Disclosed is a technology of permanently phase-transiting a semimetal using ion implantation. More particularly, the permanent phase transition of a dirac semimetal into a weyl semimetal can be induced by implanting non-magnetic material ions into the dirac semimetal according to an embodiment.

A diamond powder comprising diamond particles having an average particle size of no more than 20 μm and a vacancy or impurity-vacancy point defect concentration of at least 1 ppm. At least 70% of the volume of diamond in the powder is formed from a single crystal growth sector. This leads to a substantially uniform concentration of vacancies or impurity-vacancy point defects in the diamond particles because the rate of impurity take-up during growth is heavily dependent on the growth sector, which in turn leads to a more uniform fluorescent response. There is also described a method for making such a powder.