An oriented apatite-type oxide ion conductor includes a composite oxide expressed as A.sub.9.33+x[T.sub.6.00yM.sub.y]O.sub.26.0+z, where A represents one or two or more elements selected from the group consisting of La, Ce, Pr, Nd, Sm, Eu, Gd, Tb, Dy, Be, Mg, Ca, Sr, and Ba, T represents an element including Si or Ge or both, and M represents one or two or more elements selected from the group consisting of B, Ge, Zn, Sn, W, and Mo, and where x is from 1.00 to 1.00, y is from 0.40 to less than 1.00, and z is from 3.00 to 2.00.

A chalcogen-containing compound of the following Chemical Formula 1 which exhibits excellent phase stability at a low temperature, particularly at a temperature corresponding to the driving temperature of a thermoelectric element, and also exhibits an excellent thermoelectric performance index through an increase in a power factor and a decrease in thermal conductivity, a method for preparing the same, and a thermoelectric element including the same:

V.sub.1-xM.sub.xSn.sub.4Bi.sub.2Se.sub.7-yTe.sub.y [Chemical Formula 1]

In the above Formula 1, V is a vacancy, M is an alkali metal, x is greater than 0 and less than 1, and y is Greater than 0 and less than or equal to 1.

Provided are electrochemically active secondary particles that provide excellent capacity and improved cycle life. The particles are characterized by selectively enriched grain boundaries where the grain boundaries are enriched with Al and Co. The enrichment with Al reduces impedance generation during cycling thereby improving capacity and cycle life. Also provided are methods of forming electrochemically active materials, as well as electrodes and electrochemical cells employing the secondary particles.

A peak intensity of a (110) plane is greater than or equal to 2.5 times a peak intensity of a (004) plane in an X-ray diffraction pattern obtained by irradiation of X-rays to a membrane surface of the AFX membrane.

A magnetic material is constituted of a ferromagnetic or ferrimagnetic insulator in a double perovskite structure of Sr.sub.3-xA.sub.xOs.sub.1-yB.sub.yO.sub.6 (0.5x0.5, 0.5y0.5). A is an alkali metal or alkaline earth metal atom, and B is a transition metal atom, alkali metal atom, or alkaline earth metal atom). The insulator may be Sr.sub.3OsO.sub.6, where x=y=0 in the above formula. Sr.sub.3OsO.sub.6 is formed to have a cubic crystal structure where strontium atoms, osmium atoms, and oxygen atoms are arranged at lattice points.

Cesium-niobium-chalcogenide compounds and a semiconductor device are provided. The cesium-niobium-chalcogenide compound is selected from the group consisting of CsNbS.sub.3, CsNbSe.sub.3, and CsNbO.sub.x-3Q.sub.x, where Q is S or Se, and x is 1 or 2, and includes an edge-shared orthorhombic crystal structure. In one embodiment, the semiconductor device includes a cathode layer, an anode layer, and an active layer disposed between the cathode layer and the anode layer, and the active layer includes the cesium-niobium-chalcogenide compound.

Disclosed herein are embodiments of doped and undoped spherical or spheroidal lithium lanthanum zirconium oxide (LLZO) powder products, and methods of production using microwave plasma processing, which can be incorporated into solid state lithium ion batteries. Advantageously, embodiments of the disclosed LLZO powder display a high quality, high purity stoichiometry, small particle size, narrow size distribution, spherical morphology, and customizable crystalline structure.

The invention relates to Chevrel-phase materials and methods of preparing these materials utilizing a precursor approach. The Chevrel-phase materials are useful in assembling electrodes, e.g., cathodes, for use in electrochemical cells, such as rechargeable batteries. The Chevrel-phase materials have a general formula of Mo.sub.6Z.sub.8 and the precursors have a general formula of M.sub.xMo.sub.6Z.sub.8. The cathode containing the Chevrel-phase material in accordance with the invention can be combined with a magnesium-containing anode and an electrolyte.

JMZ-5, an aluminosilicate having an SZR framework type and a sea-urchin type morphology is described. A calcined product, JMZ-5C, formed from JMZ-5 is also described. JMZ-6, an aluminosilicate having an SZR framework type and a needle, aggregate morphology is described. A calcined product, JMZ-6C, formed from JMZ-6 is also described. Methods of preparing these zeolites and their metal-containing calcined counterparts are described along with methods of using these zeolites and their metal containing calcined counterparts in treating exhaust gases.

A new family of a microporous crystalline metallophosphate-based materials designated AlPO-75 has been synthesized. These metallophosphate-based materials are represented by the empirical formula
R.sup.p+.sub.rM.sub.w.sup.2+E.sub.xPSi.sub.yO.sub.z
where R is a quaternary ammonium cation such as N,N,N,N-tetramethyl-N,N-p-xyleno-1,6-hexanediammonium, M is a divalent framework metal such as magnesium or zinc, E is a framework element such as aluminum or gallium and the framework may optionally contain silicon. The microporous AlPO-75 compositions are characterized by having the SAO topology and have catalytic properties for carrying out various hydrocarbon conversion processes and separating properties for separating at least one component.