The present specification relates to a connecting material for a solid oxide fuel cell, comprising a conductive substrate; and a ceramic protective film provided on one surface of the conductive substrate, in which the ceramic protective film comprises an oxide represented by Formula 1, a manufacturing method thereof, and a solid oxide fuel cell comprising the same.

The present disclosure provides: a method for preparing a cathode active material precursor material by using a high-nickel-content waste lithium secondary battery; a method for preparing a cathode active material for a lithium secondary battery, including a cathode active material precursor material prepared by the method for preparing a cathode active material precursor material; and a cathode active material for a lithium secondary battery, prepared according to the method for preparing a cathode active material for a lithium secondary battery.

To provide a method of forming a positive electrode active material with high productivity. To provide a manufacturing apparatus capable of forming a positive electrode active material with high productivity. Provided is a method of forming a positive electrode active material including lithium, a transition metal, oxygen, and fluorine. An adhesion preventing step is performed during heating of an object. Examples of the adhesion preventing step include stirring by rotating a furnace during the heating, stirring by vibrating a container containing an object during the heating, and crushing performed between the plurality of heating steps. By these manufacturing methods, a positive electrode active material having favorable distribution of an additive at the surface portion can be formed.

A catalyst containing, as an essential component, molybdenum; bismuth; and cobalt, in which, with respect to a peak intensity at 2θ=25.3°±0.2° in an X-ray diffraction pattern obtained by using CuKα rays as an X-ray source, a changing rate (Q1) per 1000 hours of reaction time represented by the following formulae (1) to (4) is 16 or less.

Q1={(U1/F1−1)×100}/T×1000  (1)

F1=(peak intensity of catalyst before oxidation reaction at 2θ=25.3°±)0.2°/(peak intensity of catalyst before oxidation reaction at 2θ=26.5°±0.2°)×100  (2)

U1=(peak intensity of catalyst after oxidation reaction at 2θ=25.3°±0.2°)/(peak intensity of catalyst after oxidation reaction at 2θ=26.5°±0.2°)×100  (3)

T=time (hr) during which oxidation reaction is carried out  (4)

The solid electrolyte material consists essentially of Li, Ti, Al, M, and F. Here, M is at least one selected from the group consisting of Zr and Mg.

The production method of the present disclosure includes heat-treating a material mixture containing a compound containing Y, a compound containing Sm, NH.sub.4α, Liβ, and Caγ.sub.2 in an inert gas atmosphere. The compound containing Y is at least one selected from the group consisting of Y.sub.2O.sub.3 and Yδ.sub.3, and the compound containing Sm is at least one selected from the group consisting of Sm.sub.2O.sub.3 and Smε.sub.3. The material mixture contains at least one selected from the group consisting of Y.sub.2O.sub.3 and Sm.sub.2O.sub.3, and α, β, γ, δ, and ε are each independently at least one selected from the group consisting of F, Cl, Br, and I.

A method for recycling a positive electrode material. the method includes obtaining positive electrode material particles from a positive electrode. The method further includes mixing the positive electrode material particles with a solution or powder containing sodium ions and heat-treating the mixture including the positive electrode material particles and the solution or power containing sodium ions. The method further includes rinsing the heat-treated positive electrode material particles with water.

A production method for producing a halide, the method includes a heat treatment step of heat-treating a mixed material containing (NH.sub.4).sub.aYα.sub.3+a, (NH.sub.4).sub.bGdβ.sub.3+b, Liγ, and Caδ.sub.2 in an inert gas atmosphere, wherein α, β, γ, and δ are each independently at least one selected from the group consisting of F, Cl, Br, and I, and the formulas: 0≤a≤3, 0≤b≤3, and 0<a+b≤6, are satisfied.

An electromagnetic wave absorbing particle has a composition, which is represented by Formula 1 of Sr.sub.1-xR.sub.xFe.sub.y-2zM.sub.2zO.sub.a and contains M-type hexaferrite as a main phase. In Formula 1, R is one or more substances selected from among Ba, Ca, and La, M is one or more substances selected from among Co, Ti, and Zr, 0<x≤0.8, 8≤y≤14, 0<z≤1.5, and a is equal to 19.

The invention relates to a mixed oxide composed of zirconium, cerium, lanthanum and at least one rare earth oxide other than cerium and lanthanum, having a specific porosity and a high specific surface area; to the method for preparing same and to the use thereof in catalysis.