There is provided a radio wave absorber including a magnetic powder and a binder, in which a volume filling rate of the magnetic powder in the radio wave absorber is 35% by volume or less, a transmission attenuation amount is 8.0 dB or more, and a reflection attenuation amount is 8.0 dB or more.

There is provided a radio wave absorber including a magnetic powder and a binder, in which a volume filling rate of the magnetic powder in the radio wave absorber is 35% by volume or less, and a volume filling rate of a carbon component in the radio wave absorber is 0% by volume or more and 2.0% by volume or less.

A nickel composite hydroxide containing reduced amounts of sulfate radicals and chlorine as impurities. The nickel composite hydroxide is represented by Ni.sub.1-x-yCo.sub.xAl.sub.y(OH).sub.2+α(0.05≦x≦0.01≦y≦0.2, x+y<0.4, and 0≦α<0.5), and includes spherical secondary particles formed by aggregation of plurality of plate-shaped primary particles, secondary particles have an average particle diameter of 3-20 μm, sulfate radical content of 1.0 mass % or less, chlorine content of 0.5 mass % or less, and carbonate radical content of 1.0-2.5 mass %. The nickel composite hydroxide is obtained by a process including a crystallization step in which crystallization is performed in reaction solution obtained by adding alkali solution to aqueous solution containing mixed aqueous solution containing nickel and cobalt, ammonium ion supplier, and aluminum source. The alkali solution is mixed aqueous solution of alkali metal hydroxide and carbonate, and ratio of carbonate to alkali metal hydroxide in mixed aqueous solution represented by [C0.sub.3.sup.2−]/[OH.sup.−]=0.002 or more but 0.050 or less.

Nanostructured carbide chemical compound is used to convert carbide to carbon. A method comprising: providing at least one carbide chemical compound and reducing a metal cation with use of the carbide chemical compound to form elemental carbon, wherein the carbide chemical compound is nanostructured. The nanostructured carbide chemical compound can be in the form of a nanoparticle, a nanowire, a nanotube, a nanofilm, a nanoline. The reactant can be a metal salt. Electrochemical reaction, or reaction in the melt or in solution, can be used to form the carbon. The nanostructured carbide chemical compound can be an electrode.

The present invention relates to a process, reactor and system to produce self-standing two-dimensional nanostructures, using a microwave-excited plasma environment. The process is based on injecting, into a reactor, a mixture of gases and precursors in stream regime. The stream is subjected to a surface wave electric field, excited by the use of microwave power which is introduced into a field applicator, generating high energy density plasmas, that break the precursors into its atomic and/or molecular constituents. The system comprises a plasma reactor with a surface wave launching zone, a transient zone with a progressively increasing cross-sectional area, and a nucleation zone. The plasma reactor together with an infrared radiation source provides a controlled adjustment of the spatial gradients, of the temperature and the gas stream velocity.

Provided are a positive electrode active material that can provide a nonaqueous electrolyte secondary battery having high energy density and excellent output characteristics, a nickel-manganese composite hydroxide as a precursor thereof, and methods for producing these. A nickel-manganese composite hydroxide is represented by General Formula (1): Ni.sub.xMn.sub.yM.sub.z(OH).sub.2+α and contains a secondary particle formed of a plurality of flocculated primary particles. The nickel-manganese composite hydroxide has a half width of a diffraction peak of a (001) plane of at least 0.35° and up to 0.50° and has a degree of sparsity/density represented by [(a void area within the secondary particle/a cross section of the secondary particle)×100](%) within a range of greater than 10% and up to 25%.

It is one of the objects of the present disclosure to provide hexagonal plate-shaped zinc oxide particles having suitable performances derived from the shape thereof, that is, zinc oxide particles having improved ultraviolet shielding ratio at the wavelength of 400 nm or less without impairing the direct transition properties of electronic excitation thereof and having remarkably improved ultraviolet shielding ratio for UV-B radiation and UV-A radiation. A zinc oxide particle containing a solid solution of a Ti element and/or a Fe element and a Zn element in at least a portion thereof, and having a hexagonal plate shape.

This application relates to monolayers of Si.sub.2BN or C.sub.2BN, arranged in a graphiticized hexagonal arrangement. Each Si/C atom has a Si/C, B, and N nearest neighbor, while each B (N) has two Si/C's and one N (B) as nearest neighbors. The monolayer can be a 2D composition or can be “rolled” into a nanotubular 3D arm-chair or zig-zag configuration.

A novel composite electrode material and a method for manufacturing the same, a composite electrode containing said composite electrode material, and a Li-based battery comprising said composite electrode are disclosed. Herein, the composite electrode material of the present invention comprises: a core, wherein a material of the core is at least one selected from the group consisting of Sn, Sb, Si, Ge, and compounds thereof; and a graphene nanowall or a graphene-like carbon nanowall; wherein the graphene nanowall or the graphene-like carbon nanowall grows on a surface of the core.

Effect pigments based on Al.sub.2O.sub.3 flakes with high weather resistance and less photoactivity and to their use thereof in paints, industrial coatings, automotive coatings, printing inks, cosmetic formulations. The effect pigments have a ratio of the amount by weight of Al.sub.2O.sub.3 of the Al.sub.2O.sub.3 flake and the amount by weight of the metal oxide(s) of the coating layer(s) in the range of from 27:73 to 83:17 based on the total weight of the effect pigment.