A hydrogenation catalyst with a small amount of supported metal that is excellent in stability and inhibition of side reactions is provided. The catalyst hydrogenates an aromatic hydrocarbon compound into an alicyclic hydrocarbon compound, and a Group X metal represented by nickel is supported in a composite support including at least alumina and titania. The composite support preferably includes at least an alumina substrate coated with titania. It is also preferable that the Group X metal is prereduced by hydrogen. In the case that the Group X metal is nickel, the nickel content is preferably 5-35 wt % as nickel oxide in the catalyst. The substrate includes, for example, a porous structure formed by a plurality of needle-shaped or column-shaped intertwined three-dimensionally.

A negative electrode material for a lithium-ion secondary battery containing a composite (C) that contains a porous carbon (A) and a Si-containing compound (B). The porous carbon (A) satisfies V.sub.1/V.sub.0>0.80 and V.sub.2/V.sub.0<0.10. When a total pore volume at the maximum value of a relative pressure P/P.sub.0 is defined as V.sub.0 and P.sub.0 is a saturated vapor pressure, a cumulative pore volume at a relative pressure P/P.sub.0=0.1 is defined as V.sub.1, and a cumulative pore volume at a relative pressure P/P.sub.0=10.sup.−7 is defined as V.sub.2 in a nitrogen adsorption test. Further, the porous carbon (A) has a BET specific surface area of 800 m.sup.2/g or more, and the Si-containing compound (B) is contained in pores of the porous carbon (A). Also disclosed is a negative electrode sheet including the negative electrode material and a lithium-ion secondary battery including the negative electrode sheet.

The present invention relates to transparent, electrically semiconducting interference pigments having high color strength, and in particular to flake-form interference pigments which comprise an oxygen-deficient layer of TiO.sub.2-x, to a process for the preparation of such pigments, and to the use of the pigments prepared in this way.

A method for manufacturing a zinc ferrite film includes forming a zinc ferrite film on a base material by having a reaction liquid, which contains metal ions including only bivalent iron ions and bivalent zinc ions, contact an oxidation liquid, which contains an oxidant that oxidizes the metal ions, in the presence of a pH adjuster. The pH adjuster includes a carbonate of ammonium and an alkali metal salt of mono-carboxylic acid.

The present disclosure relates to a carbon-based nanomaterial composition that may be formed from a gas mixture. The gas mixture may include acetylene gas at a molar ratio AG.sub.mol/GM.sub.mol of at least about 0.20 and not greater than about 0.99, oxygen gas at a molar ratio OG.sub.mol/GM.sub.mol of at least about 0.1 and not greater than about 0.85, and hydrogen gas at a molar ratio HG.sub.mol/GM.sub.mol of at least about 0.00 and not greater than about 0.99. The carbon-based nanomaterial composition may have a carbon hybridization ratio P.sub.sp3/P.sub.sp2 of not greater than about 5.0, where P.sub.sp3 is the percent of carbon within the carbon-based nanomaterial composition having a sp3 hybridization and P.sub.sp2 is the percent of carbon within the carbon-based nanomaterial composition having a sp2 hybridization.

The present disclosure relates to a carbon-based nanomaterial composition that may be formed from a gas mixture. The gas mixture may include acetylene gas at a molar ratio AG.sub.mol/GM.sub.mol of at least about 0.55 and not greater than about 0.99, oxygen gas at a molar ratio OG.sub.mol/GM.sub.mol of at least about 0.01 and not greater than about 0.75, and hydrogen gas at a molar ratio HG.sub.mol/GM.sub.mol of at least about 0.05 and not greater than about 0.90. The carbon-based nanomaterial composition may have a carbon hybridization ratio P.sub.sp3/P.sub.sp2 of at least about 0.0 and not greater than about 5.0, where P.sub.sp3 is the percent of carbon within the carbon-based nanomaterial composition having a sp3 hybridization and P.sub.sp2 is the percent of carbon within the carbon-based nanomaterial composition having a sp2 hybridization.

The present disclosure relates to a carbon-based nanomaterial composition that may be formed from a gas mixture. The gas mixture may include acetylene gas at a molar ratio AG.sub.mol/GM.sub.mol of at least about 0.25 and not greater than about 0.99, oxygen gas at a molar ratio OG.sub.mol/GM.sub.mol of at least about 0.01 and not greater than about 0.50, hydrogen gas at a molar ratio HG.sub.mol/GM.sub.mol of at least about 0.05 and not greater than about 0.70, and methane gas at a molar ratio MG.sub.mol/GM.sub.mol of at least about 0.25 and not greater than about 0.99. The carbon-based nanomaterial composition may have a carbon hybridization ratio P.sub.sp3/P.sub.sp2 of at least about 0.0 and not greater than about 5.0, where P.sub.sp3 is the percent of carbon within the carbon-based nanomaterial composition having a sp3 hybridization and P.sub.sp2 is the percent of carbon within the carbon-based nanomaterial composition having a sp2 hybridization.

A family of new crystalline molecular sieves designated SSZ-91 is disclosed, as are methods for making SSZ-91 and uses for SSZ-91. Molecular sieve SSZ-91 is structurally similar to sieves falling within the ZSM-48 family of molecular sieves, and is characterized as: (1) having a low degree of faulting, (2) a low aspect ratio that inhibits hydrocracking as compared to conventional ZSM-48 materials having an aspect ratio of greater than 8, and (3) is substantially phase pure.

Processes for preparing a niobate material include the following steps: (i) providing a niobium-containing source; (ii) providing a transitional metal source (TMS), a post-transitional metal source (PTMS), or both; (iii) dissolving (a) the niobium-containing source, and (b) the TMS, the PTMS, or both in an aqueous medium to form an intermediate solution; (iv) forming an intermediate paste by admixing an inert support material with the intermediate solution; (v) optionally coating the intermediate paste on a support substrate; and (vi) removing the inert support material by subjecting the intermediate paste to a calcination process and providing a transition-metal-niobate (TMN) and/or a post-transition-metal-niobate (PTMN). Anodes including a TMN and/or PTMN are also provided.

A nickel cobalt manganese composite hydroxide with low impurity content and high reactivity when synthesizing a positive electrode active material, which can be used as a precursor of the positive electrode active material for non-aqueous electrolyte secondary batteries with low irreversible capacity, represented by a general formula: Ni.sub.xCo.sub.yMn.sub.zM.sub.t(OH).sub.2+a (wherein x+y+z+t=1, 0.20≦x≦0.80, 0.10≦y≦0.50, 0.10≦z≦0.90, 0≦t≦0.10, 0≦a≦0.5, and M is at least one additive element selected from Mg, Ca, Al, Ti, V, Cr, Zr, Nb, Mo, W), which includes: spherical secondary particles formed by aggregation of a plurality of plate-shaped primary particles, which have an average particle diameter of 3 μm to 20 μm, a sulfate radical content of 1.0 mass % or less, a chlorine content of 0.5 mass % or less, and a carbonate radical content of 1.0 mass % to 2.5 mass %.