The present invention relates to heterogeneous acid catalysts comprising or consisting of mixed metal salts, of lithium and aluminum phosphates and sulfates, and combinations with metallic cations, such as magnesium, titanium, zinc, zirconium and gallium, to provide adequate Lewis acidity; organic or inorganic porosity promoters, such as polysaccharides; and agglomerates, such as clays, kaolin and metal oxides of the type M.sub.xO.sub.y, where; M=Al, Mg, Sr, Zr or Ti, and other metals of groups IA, IIA and IVB, x=1 or 2 and y=2 or 3, for the formation of particles. A process is disclosed for obtaining from the catalyst by the hydrolysis of aluminum lithium hydride with water and oxygenated solvent, such as an ether. The catalysts are used in batch reactor and continuous flow systems in reactions that require moderate Lewis acidity, such as refining, petrochemical and general chemistry, including the transesterification of glycerides to produce alkyl esters.

A composition of chlorine-free poly-oxygenated aluminum hydroxide that comprises a clathrate containing oxygen gas molecules, In one embodiment, the poly-oxygenated aluminum hydroxide has particles having a diameter of 212 microns or less. The composition may be homogeneous.

A graphene sheet including an intercalation compound and 2 to about 300 unit graphene layers, wherein each of the unit graphene layers includes a polycyclic aromatic molecule in which a plurality of carbon atoms in the polycyclic aromatic molecule are covalently bonded to each other; and wherein the intercalation compound is interposed between the unit graphene layers.

Aluminum chlorohydrate salts having an amount of Peak 1 material relative based on a total of Peaks 3, 4, and 5 of at least 20% as measured by size exclusion chromatography, together with water treatment compositions, antiperspirant compositions, and oral care compositions, comprising the same, and methods for making and using the same.

Polycrystalline silicon fragments obtained by fracturing polycrystalline silicon blocks wherein a content ratio of polycrystalline silicon powder having a particle size of 500 to 1000 μm is 0.1 to 40 ppmw.

Novel nanoparticle-coated multilayer shell microstructures are disclosed herein. Some variations of the invention provide a material comprising a plurality of hollow microstructures characterized by an average shortest diameter from about 5 microns to about 1 millimeter, wherein each of the microstructures comprises multiple shells, including at least an inner shell and an outmost shell, with a combined thickness that is less than one-tenth of the average shortest diameter. The inner shell and the outmost shell have different composition. The outmost shell comprises nanoparticles sized between about 10 nanometers to about 500 nanometers, and the nanoparticles each contain an oxide and/or are surrounded by an oxide layer having a layer thickness of at least 1 nanometer. Several microstructure configurations are illustrated in the drawings.

A rapid synthesis method of a small-crystal-grain ZSM-5 molecular sieve, the method comprising: preparing a mixed silicon-aluminum glue solution, placing the solution in a crystallization kettle for low-temperature nucleation, enabling high-temperature crystallization growth of the solution, and obtaining a crystallization product, namely, a small-crystal-grain ZSM-5 molecular sieve, the nucleation temperature being 60-120° C., nucleation time being 1-3 hours, a crystallization growth temperature being 150-170° C., and crystallization growth time being 1-3 hours. The method is easy to operate, and has a short operation time, thus being able to complete within 6 hours; in addition, the product has uniform grain sizes, is in a mono-dispersed state, and has a high crystallization degree to a submicron degree.

An aluminum nitride powder containing a very small amount of coarse particles. An aluminum nitride powder which provides a resin composition having high affinity for resins and high moisture resistance. The aluminum nitride powder has a volume average particle diameter D50 of 0.5 to 7.0 μm in particle size distribution measured with a laser diffraction scattering particle size distribution meter, a D90/D50 ratio of 1.3 to 3.5 and a BET specific surface area of 0.4 to 6.0 m.sup.2/g and classified by removing coarse particles whose particle diameter is more than 5 times as large as D90. When resin paste obtained from this aluminum nitride powder and a resin is measured with a grind gauge, the upper limit particle diameter at which a streak is produced is not more than 5 times as large as D90. Since the classified aluminum nitride powder is surface modified, the aluminum nitride powder which has high filling property in a resin and is excellent in the moisture resistance and insulating property of a resin composition is obtained.

The rate of release of a well treatment agent into a well may be controlled by introducing into the well a screen containing a well treatment composite having a well treatment agent and a support for the well treatment agent. The diameter of the substrate is less than the diameter of the opening of the screen of the screen assembly. Over time, the well treatment agent is released from the substrate and passes from the interior of the screen into the well.

Process for manufacture of purified alkaline earth metal carbonate The invention concerns a process for the manufactore of a purified alkaline earth metal carbonate, the purified alkaline earth metal carbonate obtainable by said process, and its use in the manufacture of products and devices in the field of electronics and glass. The process comprises the steps of calcinating the alkaline earth metal carbonate with an aqueous phase comprising a salt. The alkaline earth metal carbonate might be barium carbonate or strontium carbonate.