Porous particles comprising an active ingredient and a coating exhibiting greater dissolution rate in aqueous media than in alcoholic media are disclosed. A process for the manufacture of the particles is also disclosed, as well as tamper-proof particles and solid dosage forms comprising the coated particles. The differential solubility characteristics of the particle coating allow the particles to be incorporated into abuse-deterrent medicaments.

The present invention is directed to methods of preparing metal sulfide, metal selenide, or metal sulfide/selenide nanoparticles and the products derived therefrom. In various embodiments, the nanoparticles are derived from the reaction between precursor metal salts and certain sulfur- and/or selenium-containing precursors each independently having a structure of Formula (I), (II), or (III), or an isomer, salt, or tautomer thereof, where Q.sup.1,Q.sup.2,Q.sup.3,R.sup.1,R.sup.2,R.sup.3,R.sup.5, and X are defined within the specification.

A negative electrode material for a lithium-ion secondary battery containing a composite (C) that contains a porous carbon (A) and a Si-containing compound (B). The porous carbon (A) satisfies V.sub.1/V.sub.0>0.80 and V.sub.2/V.sub.0<0.10. When a total pore volume at the maximum value of a relative pressure P/P.sub.0 is defined as V.sub.0 and P.sub.0 is a saturated vapor pressure, a cumulative pore volume at a relative pressure P/P.sub.0=0.1 is defined as V.sub.1, and a cumulative pore volume at a relative pressure P/P.sub.0=10.sup.−7 is defined as V.sub.2 in a nitrogen adsorption test. Further, the porous carbon (A) has a BET specific surface area of 800 m.sup.2/g or more, and the Si-containing compound (B) is contained in pores of the porous carbon (A). Also disclosed is a negative electrode sheet including the negative electrode material and a lithium-ion secondary battery including the negative electrode sheet.

A negative electrode material for a non-aqueous electrolyte secondary battery includes a plurality of composite particles. Each of the plurality of composite particles includes an inorganic particle, one or more covering layers, each of which is in contact with a surface of the inorganic particle, and a carbonaceous material layer that covers the inorganic particle and has voids. The carbonaceous material layer includes a first region having a porosity of 4.3% or more and 10.0% or less, the first region being a region extending from the surface of the inorganic particle to the surface of an imaginary sphere that is centered at the center of the inorganic particle and has a radius of 3r, where r is a radius of the inorganic particle. Each of the voids is separated by one of the one or more covering layers from the surface of the inorganic particle.

A luminescence conversion material is provided. The luminescence conversion material includes: a hybrid luminescence conversion particle, a first cladding material covering the hybrid luminescence conversion particle, and a second cladding material formed on the first cladding material and covering the first cladding material. The hybrid luminescence conversion particle includes a matrix and a plurality of quantum dots uniformly dispersed in the matrix. The first cladding material includes silicon oxide. The ratio α (absorbance ratio α: A.sub.939/A.sub.1000-1150) of the absorbance at 939 cm.sup.−1 (A.sub.939) to the absorbance peak at 1000-1150 cm.sup.−1 (A.sub.1000-1150) in a FTIR spectrum of the first cladding material is less than or equal to 0.8.

A preparation method of SnO.sub.2@Sn coated reduced graphene oxide composite material. By compounding reduced graphene oxide and SnO.sub.2, SnO.sub.2 undergoes conversion and alloying reactions to form Sn nanoparticles, and the three components have a synergistic effect and good reversibility. Nano SnO.sub.2@Sn particles are uniformly distributed on the ultrathin RGO nanosheets. RGO can effectively alleviate volume expansion caused by SnO.sub.2 and prevent SnO.sub.2@Sn nanoparticles from agglomeration during cycle. The adhesion of SnO.sub.2@Sn on RGO can also effectively reduce the repacking of RGO nanosheets, so that the composite material maintains a large surface area during the charge-discharge process, providing sufficient space for the storage of potassium ions. Therefore, the prepared SnO.sub.2@Sn coated reduced graphene oxide composite material (SnO.sub.2 @Sn@RGO) has excellent electrochemical performance, exhibits excellent cycle performance, rate capability and long-term cycle stability, and has a very ideal first coulomb efficient.

According to the present invention, there are provided lithium titanate particles which exhibit an excellent initial discharge capacity and an enhanced high-efficiency discharge capacity retention rate as an active substance for non-aqueous electrolyte secondary batteries and a process for producing the lithium titanate particles, and Mg-containing lithium titanate particles.

A method of producing a positive electrode active material, the method includes: contacting first particles that contain a lithium transition metal composite oxide with a solution containing sodium ions to obtain second particles containing the lithium transition metal composite oxide and sodium element, wherein the lithium transition metal composite oxide has a layered structure and a composition ratio of a number of moles of nickel to a total number of moles of metals other than lithium in a range of from 0.7 to less than 1; mixing the second particles and a boron compound to obtain a mixture; and heat-treating the mixture at a temperature in a range of from 100° C. to 450° C.

Photocatalytic roofing granules include a binder and inert mineral particles, with photocatalytic particles dispersed in the binder.

Provided are perovskite nanocrystalline particle and an optoelectronic device using the same. The perovskite nanocrystalline particle may include a perovskite nanocrystalline structure while being dispersible in an organic solvent. Accordingly, the perovskite nanocrystalline particle in accordance with the present invention has therein a perovskite nanocrystal having a crystalline structure in which FCC and BCC are combined; forms a lamellar structure in which an organic plane and an inorganic plane are alternately stacked; and can show high color purity since excitons are confined to the inorganic plane. In addition, the perovskite nanocrystalline particle have a particle size greater than or equal to a Bohr diameter beyond a quantum confinement effect, and simultaneously can implement high emission efficiency and emission wavelength which is almost not dependent on particle size. Furthermore, the perovskite nanocrystalline particle in accordance with the present invention, as a nanoparticle which is dispersible in an organic solvent, is applicable in various electronic devices such as light emitting devices, lasers, solar cells, etc.