A method of fabricating polyacrylonitrile (PACN) nanostructured carbon superstructure shapes is provided that includes forming a PACN polymer superstructure shape by using as a monomer, an initiator, and a solvent or incorporation of a different co-monomer for free radical polymerization, and converting the PACN polymer superstructure shape to a nanostructured carbon superstructure analogue using stabilization and carbonization of the PACN polymer superstructure shape, where the stabilization includes heating the PACN polymer superstructure shape to a temperature that is adequate to form a stabilization reaction, where the carbonization includes using a heat treatment.

Methods of synthesizing Bi.sub.2S.sub.3—CdS particles in the form of spheres as well as properties of these Bi.sub.2S.sub.3—CdS particles are described. Methods of photocatalytic degradation of organic pollutants employing these Bi.sub.2S.sub.3—CdS particles and methods of preventing or reducing microbial growth on a surface by applying these Bi.sub.2S.sub.3—CdS particles in the form of a solution or an antimicrobial product onto the surface are also specified.

Process for making a particulate lithiated transition metal oxide comprising the steps of: (a) Providing a particulate transition metal precursor comprising Ni, (b) mixing said precursor with at least one compound of lithium and at least one processing additive selected from NaCl, KCl, CuCl.sub.2, B.sub.2O.sub.3, MoO.sub.3, Bi.sub.2O.sub.3, Na.sub.2SO.sub.4, and K.sub.2SO.sub.4 in an amount of from 0.1 to 5% by weight, referring to the entire mixture obtained in step (b), (c) thermally treating the mixture obtained according to step (b) in at least two steps, (c1) at 300 to 500° C. under an atmosphere that may comprise oxygen, (c2) at 650 to 850° C. under an atmosphere of oxygen.

Particulate electrode active material with an average particle diameter in the range of from 2 to 20 μm (D50) having a general formula Li.sub.1+xTM.sub.1−xO.sub.2 wherein TM is a combination of Ni, Co and Al, and, optionally, at least one more metal selected from Mg, Ti, Zr, Nb, Ta, Mo, Mn, and W, with at least 80 mole-% of TM being Ni, and wherein x is in the range of from zero to 0.2, wherein the Co content at the outer surface of the secondary particles is higher than at the center of the secondary particles by a factor of at most 5 or by at most 30 mol-%, referring to TM.

A composition formed from a calcium or magnesium carbonate-including material and a surface-treatment composition including at least one cross-linkable compound, a dry process for the preparation of such a composition, a curable elastomer mixture comprising an elastomer resin and the composition, a cured elastomer product formed from the curable elastomer mixture, a process for preparing the cured elastomer product, the use of at least one cross-linkable compound including at least two functional groups, wherein at least one functional group is suitable for cross-linking an elastomer resin and wherein at least one functional group is suitable for reacting with the calcium or magnesium carbonate-including material in the compounding of an elastomer formed from an elastomer resin and at least one calcium or magnesium carbonate-comprising material as filler as well as an article formed from the cured elastomer product.

A curable fluoropolymer composition includes a crosslinkable fluorine-containing polymer, and a filler selected from surface-reacted calcium carbonate, ultrafine calcium carbonate, or a mixture thereof, wherein the surface-reacted calcium carbonate is a reaction product of natural ground calcium carbonate or precipitated calcium carbonate with carbon dioxide and one or more H.sub.3O.sup.+ ion donors, wherein the carbon dioxide is formed in situ by the H.sub.3O.sup.+ ion donors treatment and/or is supplied from an external source. Furthermore, the disclosure relates to a cured fluoropolymer product formed from said composition, an article including the cured fluoropolymer product, a method of producing a cured fluoropolymer product, and use of said filler for reinforcing a cured fluoropolymer product.

The present invention refers to Pickering emulsion comprising (i) water; (ii) 10 to 50 wt.-% oil, based on the total weight of the Pickering emulsion and (iii) 1 to 10 wt.-% of Pickering pigments, based on the total weight of the Pickering emulsion, wherein the Pickering pigments are calcium carbonate particles selected from surface-reacted calcium carbonate (SRCC) or mixtures of ground calcium carbonate (GCC) and surface-reacted calcium carbonate (SRCC) and wherein the calcium carbonate particles have a volume median particle size d.sub.50 value from 0.2 .Math.m to 10 .Math.m. Furthermore, the present invention refers to a composition comprising said Pickering emulsions and a method of preparing such Pickering emulsions. The present invention also refers to the use of calcium carbonate particles as Pickering pigments for stabilizing Pickering emulsions comprising water and 10 to 50 wt.-% oil, based on the total weight of the Pickering emulsion, wherein the calcium carbonate particles are selected from surface-reacted calcium carbonate (SRCC) or mixtures of ground calcium carbonate (GCC) and surface-reacted calcium carbonate (SRCC) and have a volume median particle size d.sub.50 value from 0.2 .Math.m to 10 .Math.m.

A positive-electrode material according to the present disclosure includes a positive-electrode active material and a cover layer 111 containing a first solid electrolyte and covering at least partially the surface of the positive-electrode active material. The positive-electrode active material and the cover layer constitute a covered active material; the positive-electrode active material has a pore volume V.sub.α, the covered active material has a pore volume V.sub.β, the positive-electrode active material has a specific surface area Sa, the covered active material has a specific surface area Sp, and at least one selected from the group consisting of 0.20<V.sub.β/V.sub.α<0.88 and 0.81<S.sub.β/S.sub.α<0.97 is satisfied.

A method for making a material of formula Li.sub.xM.sub.1-zD.sub.zPO.sub.4, where M is one or more transition metals, D represents one or more elements selected from the group consisting of Mg, Ca, Sr, Ba, Ti, Zn, B, Al, Ga, In, Si, Ge, Sc, Y, and rare earth elements, 0.8≤x≤1.2 and 0≤z≤0.2, the method comprising the steps of: a) forming a mixture comprising a source of the one or more transition metals, a source of phosphorus, a source of lithium and a surfactant, and optionally a source of D, wherein (i) a ratio of Li:PO.sub.4:(M+D) relative to the stoichiometry required to form the material is within the range of 1.04-1.10:1.00-1.05:1, or (ii) a ratio of (Li+PO.sub.4):(M+D) relative to the stoichiometry required to form the material is greater than 2.05; b) drying the mixture from step (a) to form particles r a powder; and c) thermally treating the particles or powder from step (b) to form the material.

Porous carbon particles, and a positive electrode active material and a lithium secondary battery including the same. This may improve the energy density of the lithium secondary battery by applying a porous electrode containing micropores and mesopores and having a uniform size distribution and shape as a positive electrode material.