The disclosure provides a process for obtaining the purest form of Himalayan pink salt. The purest form of Himalayan pink salt is preferably in crystal in form and is substantially clear and colorless. The disclosure provides a purification process that identifies and removes solid impurities affording the purest form of Himalayan pink salt. The system may machine vision algorithms that process feedback from one or more sensors to detect and identify color or clarity, and may use one or more host controllers to remove solid impurities. The controller may identify the color or clarity and ensure consistent removal of the solid impurities.

Disclosed are an environment-friendly heat shielding film using a non-radioactive stable isotope and a manufacturing method therefor and, more specifically, an environment-friendly heat shielding film using a non-radioactive stable isotope and a manufacturing method therefor, wherein a heat shielding layer is formed on one surface of a substrate layer; the heat shielding layer is composed of stable isotopes as elements constituting a precursor and contains a non-radioactive stable isotope tungsten bronze compound having an oxygen-deficient .sup.(Y)A.sub.x.sup.(182,183,184,186)W.sub.1O.sub.(3-n) type hexagonal structure, thereby preventing the generation of radioactive materials, fundamentally blocking haze, and improving the visible light transmittance and the infrared light blocking rate; and the heat resistance and durability problems that may occur when the heat shielding layer is formed of the non-radioactive stable isotope tungsten bronze compound are solved by a passivation film.

The present invention relates to a transparent conducting film and an organic light emitting device comprising the same. The transparent conducting film according to the present invention has a low surface resistance value, a high front surface transmittance and a low light absorptance. The light emission efficiency of the organic light emitting device according to the present invention may be enhanced by comprising a transparent conducting film having low light absorptance. In particular, the organic light emitting device according to the present invention may additionally comprise an internal light extraction layer to improve the light extraction efficiency, and the loss of light generated by the difference between refractive indices of a transparent electrode and a substrate may be minimized.

The calcium carbonate filler for a resin is provided in which a volatile component such as water present in a surface of calcium carbonate is likely to be degassed even when the filler is incorporated into and kneaded with a resin having high processing temperature at a high concentration, and foaming or the like can be suppressed. In particular, the calcium carbonate filler is useful in optical fields that require reflectivity and light resistance. The calcium carbonate filler for a resin has a content rate of particles having a particle diameter of 0.26 μm or less is 30% or less in a number particle size distribution diameter measured from an electron micrograph, and satisfies the following expressions (a) Dms5/Dmv5≤3.0, (b) 1.0≤Sw≤10.0 (m.sup.2/g) and (c) Dma≤5.0 (% by volume): Dms5: a 5% diameter (μm) accumulated from a small particle side in a volume particle size distribution measured with a laser diffraction particle size distribution measurement device; Dmv5: a 5% diameter (μm) accumulated from a small particle side in a number particle size distribution in a particle diameter measured with an electron microscope; Sw: a BET specific surface area (m.sup.2/g); and Dma: a content rate (% by volume) of particles having a particle diameter of 3 μm or more in a volume particle size distribution measured with a laser diffraction particle size distribution measurement device.

With an aim to provide a method for producing an oxide particle with controlled color characteristics and also provide an oxide particle with controlled color characteristics, the present invention provides a method for producing an oxide particle, wherein the color characteristics of the oxide particle are controlled by controlling a ratio of an M-OH bond between an element (M) and a hydroxide group (OH) or an M-OH bond/M-O bond ratio, where the element (M) is one element or plural different elements other than oxygen or hydrogen included in the oxide particle selected from metal oxide particles and semi-metal oxide particles. According to the present invention, by controlling the M-OH bond or the M-OH bond/M-O bond ratio of the metal oxide particle or the semi-metal oxide particle, the oxide particle with controlled color characteristics of any of reflectance, transmittance, molar absorption coefficient, hue, and saturation can be provided.

A method for producing a transparent electrode for oxygen production having a Ta nitride layer on a transparent substrate, including: a step of forming a Ta nitride precursor layer on the transparent substrate; and a step of nitriding the Ta nitride precursor layer with a mixed gas containing ammonia and a carrier gas.

Disclosed here is a method for making a monolithic rare earth oxide (REO) aerogel, comprising: preparing a reaction mixture comprising at least one rare earth metal nitrate, at least one epoxide, at least one base catalyst, and at least one organic solvent; curing the mixture to produce a wet gel; drying the wet gel to produce a dry gel; and thermally annealing the dry gel to produce the monolithic REO aerogel. Also disclosed is an REO aerogel comprising a network of REO nanostructures, wherein the REO aerogel is a monolith having at least one lateral dimension of at least 1 cm, wherein the REO aerogel has a density of about 40-500 mg/cm.sup.3 and/or a BET surface area of at least about 20 m.sup.2/g, and wherein the REO aerogel is substantially free of oxychloride.

A conductive material including a first element selected from a transition metal, a platinum-group element, a rare earth element, and a combination thereof, a second element having an atomic radius which is 10 percent less than to 10 percent greater than an atomic radius of the first element, and a chalcogen element, wherein the conductive material has a layered crystal structure.

A quantum nanomaterial having a bandgap that may be tuned to enable the quantum nanomaterial to detect IR radiation in selected regions including throughout the MWIR region and into the LWIR region is provided. The quantum nanomaterials may include tin telluride (SnTe) nanomaterials and/or lead tin telluride (Pb.sub.xSn.sub.1-xTe) nanomaterials. Additionally, a method of manufacturing nanomaterial that is tunable for detecting IR radiation in selected regions, such as throughout the MWIR region and into the LWIR region, is also provided.

Methods of synthesizing colloidal ternary Group III-V nanocrystals are provided. Also provided are the colloidal ternary Group III-V nanocrystals made using the methods. In the methods, molten inorganic salts are used as high temperature solvents to carry out cation exchange reactions that convert binary nanocrystals into ternary nanocrystals.