A method and apparatus are disclosed for treating process water which is loaded with gaseous compounds and/or possibly with solids and comes from a wet-cleaning installation for cleaning process gas, e.g., from a melt-reduction subassembly or from a direct-reduction subassembly. Process water is introduced in a tank in a first process stage and degassed on the basis of reduced solubility of the dissolved compounds. The tank has, on its upper side, a gas-collecting chamber, in which the separated-off gases are collected and from which these are discharged. Likewise, the treated process water is discharged from the tank via a drainage means.

A method and apparatus are disclosed for treating process water which is loaded with gaseous compounds and/or possibly with solids and comes from a wet-cleaning installation for cleaning process gas, e.g., from a melt-reduction subassembly or from a direct-reduction subassembly. Process water is introduced in a tank in a first process stage and degassed on the basis of reduced solubility of the dissolved compounds. The tank has, on its upper side, a gas-collecting chamber, in which the separated-off gases are collected and from which these are discharged. Likewise, the treated process water is discharged from the tank via a drainage means.

[Problem] To provide a production method for a natural-extract beverage which is coffee extraction or the like using electrolytically reduced water, wherein the oxidation-reduction potential of the extract is negative. [Solution] A method for producing a natural-extract beverage by making coffee or tea with electrolytically reduced hot water containing dissolved hydrogen molecules, comprising making coffee or tea that an oxidation-reduction potential of the extract is made to be 0 mV or less by at least one means that suppresses volatilization of dissolved molecular hydrogen, wherein the at least one means are selected from the group consisting of: means of using electrolytically reduced water obtained by electrolysis of heated source water, means of performing the extraction under high pressure in a sealed container, and means of adding to the electrolytically reduced water at least one dissolved-hydrogen stabilizing agent selected from polysaccharides and/or polyphenols.

[Problem] To provide a production method for a natural-extract beverage which is coffee extraction or the like using electrolytically reduced water, wherein the oxidation-reduction potential of the extract is negative. [Solution] A method for producing a natural-extract beverage by making coffee or tea with electrolytically reduced hot water containing dissolved hydrogen molecules, comprising making coffee or tea that an oxidation-reduction potential of the extract is made to be 0 mV or less by at least one means that suppresses volatilization of dissolved molecular hydrogen, wherein the at least one means are selected from the group consisting of: means of using electrolytically reduced water obtained by electrolysis of heated source water, means of performing the extraction under high pressure in a sealed container, and means of adding to the electrolytically reduced water at least one dissolved-hydrogen stabilizing agent selected from polysaccharides and/or polyphenols.

A bubble removing system and a bubble removing method are provided. The bubble removing system comprises a main bubble removing apparatus which comprises a first enclosed container, a first fluid lead-in pipe, a first fluid lead-out pipe, and a bubble collecting member. The cross section of the inner cavity of the first enclosed container is circular, and the first enclosed container is used for accommodating a fluid substance. The first fluid lead-in pipe passes through a sidewall of the first enclosed container, is tangent to the inner cavity wall of the first enclosed container, and is disposed at the upper part of the first enclosed container. The first fluid lead-out pipe passes through the sidewall of the first enclosed container and is disposed at the lower part of the first enclosed container.

A bubble removing system and a bubble removing method are provided. The bubble removing system comprises a main bubble removing apparatus which comprises a first enclosed container, a first fluid lead-in pipe, a first fluid lead-out pipe, and a bubble collecting member. The cross section of the inner cavity of the first enclosed container is circular, and the first enclosed container is used for accommodating a fluid substance. The first fluid lead-in pipe passes through a sidewall of the first enclosed container, is tangent to the inner cavity wall of the first enclosed container, and is disposed at the upper part of the first enclosed container. The first fluid lead-out pipe passes through the sidewall of the first enclosed container and is disposed at the lower part of the first enclosed container.

An air stripper apparatus is disclosed which incorporates a plurality of trays that are removably supported within a cabinet. A plurality of downcomers are also fixedly disposed within the cabinet, rather than on the trays. Removing the downcomer from each tray enables a simpler, lighter and easier to clean tray to be constructed.

An air stripper apparatus is disclosed which incorporates a plurality of trays that are removably supported within a cabinet. A plurality of downcomers are also fixedly disposed within the cabinet, rather than on the trays. Removing the downcomer from each tray enables a simpler, lighter and easier to clean tray to be constructed.

A batch process for the treatment of an aqueous solution so that the treated product is more desirable for disposal includes obtaining an influent batch of aqueous solution for treatment, treating the batch of solution by an advanced oxidation process. The advanced oxidation process including causing ozone to be mixed with the solution, maintaining the mixture of solution and ozone at a pressure above atmospheric for a time of at least two seconds. An embodiment of the process includes continuously recirculating the fluid to be treated, through a recirculation conduit, the recirculation conduit including an ozone injector and the ozone injector is adapted to inject ozone into the aqueous solution as the aqueous solution circulates through an ozone injector. Influent to be treated may be selected from the group including sewage, septage, leachate, ballast or other aqueous solutions where it is desirable to treat the fluid prior to disposal, further treatment, or reuse. The process is carried out to improve a level of disinfection and/or denutrification of the effluent. The process may include back-to-back processing of batches one after the other, more or less continuously. The process may include overlapping processing, in which part of a treated previous batch is retained to mix with an incoming untreated batch. The process may include off-gassing between stages of adding ozone, and the process may involve repetitive high pressure and low pressure cycles. The process may include post processing steps, such as permitting at least a portion of a treated batch to be retained without the addition of ozone for a period of time to permit floculates longer to form. The process may include post process filtering, which may be single or multi-stage filtering, such as may allow for the removal of floculates. The process may include simultaneous post-processing of part or all of one batch while another batch is being processed. The process may include the treatment of solutions containing pharmaceuticals to break down the pharmaceuticals.

The present invention is a process, a method, and system for recovery and concentration of dissolved ammonium bicarbonate from a wastewater containing ammonia (NH3) using gas separation, condensation, and crystallization, each at controlled operating temperatures. The present invention includes 1) removal of ammonia from waste (sludges, semi-solids, and solids and liquids) without the use of chemicals at a temperature of at least 80 degrees Celsius, 2) condensing the gaseous containing ammonia, carbon dioxide and water vapor to remove water vapor concentrating the amount of gaseous ammonia and carbon dioxide, 3) concentrating the ammonia and carbon dioxide in the water by established means, such as concentrating the gas using partial condensation followed by passing the concentrated gas through an absorption column at a temperature of between about 20 and 50 degrees Celsius to form dissolved ammonium carbonate and ammonium bicarbonate, or total condensation followed by dewatering using reverse osmosis, and 4) crystallizing concentrated dissolved ammonium carbonate and ammonium bicarbonate at a temperature of less than about 35 degrees Celsius to form solid ammonium bicarbonate and ammonium carbonate.