A system for distilling water is disclosed. The system comprises a heat source, and a plurality of open-cycle adsorption stages, each stage comprising a plurality of beds and an evaporator and a condenser between a first bed and a second bed, wherein each bed comprises at least two vapor valves, a plurality of hollow tubes, a plurality of channels adapted for transferring water vapor to and from at least one of the condenser or the evaporator, a thermally conductive water vapor adsorbent, and wherein each vapor valve connects a bed to either the condenser or the evaporator.

A method and apparatus for desalinating water combined with power generation, wherein a desalination system is used for desalinating aquifer brine water and is operationally related to a power generation system, wherein such dual-purpose co-generation facility captures the natural gas entrained within the aquifer brine water.

Disclosed is a desalination apparatus using a solvent extraction scheme. The desalination apparatus using a solvent extraction scheme includes a source water supply module configured to supply source water including salt of a first concentration and water, a functional solvent supply module configured to supply a functional solvent, of which the solubility in water varies according to temperature, a mixing module configured to mix the source water from the source water supply module and the functional solvent from the functional solvent supply module, a first separation module configured to receive mixture water, in which the source water and the functional solvent are mixed, from the mixing module, and dissolve the water contained in the source water in the functional solvent, a salt crystallization module configured to receive the source water including salt of a second concentration that is higher than the first concentration, from which the water has been removed, from the first separation module, and a second separation module configured to receive the functional solvent, in which the water has been dissolved, from the first separation module, and thermally separate the water and the functional solvent at a second temperature that is higher than the first temperature.

Methods and apparatus for integrated alkali metal extraction are disclosed. Various exchange media are used to separate a chosen alkali metal, usually lithium, from a source stream and render the alkali metal into a product. In some cases, absorption/desorption processes, using solid and/or liquid absorption media, are used to purify a brine stream into a concentrate stream having elevated concentration of the desired alkali metal. Various processes, which may include use of liquid absorbents, electrochemical processing, centrifugation, evaporation, electrical mixing and separation, or combinations thereof, are used to separate the chosen metal from the source, and aqueous streams are recycled among the processes to facilitate the various separations.

A system, process and method for remediating contaminated soil and solvent recovery. A solvent mixture including a polar and a non-polar solvent is mixed with contaminated soil in mixing vessels, allowing the solvent mixture to extract contaminates from the soil. The solvent mixture is separated from the soil using bicanting units to form a solvent stream and a soil stream. The soil stream goes through air sparging in a dryer to remove residual solvent vapor. Water and/or micro-fines are extracted from the solvent stream using a centrifuge. The solvent stream undergoes distillation in a distillation unit to remove the containments from the solvent stream, while recovering separately the solvent mixture and a product. The recovered solvent mixture can be recycled back to the mixing vessels. The contaminates can be BTEX or F1-F4 hydrocarbons, and the product can be oil or other hydrocarbons. The system can be mobile.

A saline feed stream flows into a liquid-liquid extraction system; and a volatile organic solvent flows through a main compressor. The compressed volatile organic solvent then flows through a solvent regenerator, which can be a heat exchanger or a combination of a vaporization device and a condenser, to cool the volatile organic solvent. The cooled volatile organic solvent in liquid phase then flows into the liquid-liquid extraction system, where the saline feed stream contacts the volatile organic solvent to selectively extract water from the saline feed stream into the volatile organic solvent, producing a concentrated brine and an organic-rich mixture of water and the volatile organic solvent. The organic-rich mixture flows from the liquid-liquid extraction system into the solvent regenerator, where the organic-rich mixture is heated to produce an organic-rich vapor and desalinated water; and the organic-rich vapor is recycled as volatile organic solvent back into the liquid-liquid extraction system.

The embodiments disclose a method including bottling alcoholic beverages with selected ingredients including alcohol neutral spirits, alcohol and whisky, beer, wine, ingredients to add flavors and nutritional additive ingredients to benefit the health of an alcoholic beverage drinker, wherein a selection of alcohols includes vodka, tequila, gin, rum, brandy and other alcoholic spirits, wherein a selection of ingredients to add flavors includes flavorings including fruit flavorings, an artificial sweetener, and natural sweetener, wherein a selection of nutritional additive ingredients includes vitamins, minerals, fulvic acid, humic acid, ulmic acid and a purified and sanitized black water with humic acid and fulvic acid molecules in a mixed solution, and wherein bottling includes a bottling electronic monitoring, at least one control network, at least one bottling quality control process and a bottling labeling and packaging process and devices.

A method and facility for the treatment of brine in salt baths for salting cheese are described. First fractions of dissolved salt are carried along in a cleaned brine permeate and second fractions of dissolved salt are carried along in a contaminated brine retentate. A first quantitative ratio between brine permeate and brine retentate is adjusted in such a manner that the quantity of brine retentate corresponds at least to the quantity of whey and constituents that pass into the brine in the salt bath during the dwell time. The cleaned brine permeate and the cleaned brine are merged in a controlled manner in a second quantitative ratio, by means of which the mixture of both components is concentrated to a salt concentration that corresponds at least to a required salt bath concentration.

The invention provides a process for removing cyanide from a cyanide-bearing aqueous fluid, the process comprising: (i) adding a solid composition comprising a first mixed-metal cyanide complex comprising copper and iron to a cyanide-bearing aqueous fluid comprising free cyanide and metal-complexed cyanide, wherein at least a portion of the first mixed-metal cyanide complex dissolves, with complexation of the copper by the free cyanide, to produce an aqueous solution comprising cyanometallates, the cyanometallates comprising copper cyanide and iron cyanide complexes derived from the first mixed-metal cyanide complex; (ii) contacting the aqueous solution with an anion-exchange absorbent to absorb the cyanometallates, thereby producing a cyanide-lean aqueous fluid; (iii) extracting the anion-exchange absorbent comprising the absorbed cyanometallates with at least one non-acidic aqueous extractant to produce an aqueous extract comprising the copper cyanide and iron cyanide complexes; and (iv) acidifying the aqueous extract to produce a precipitate comprising a second mixed-metal cyanide complex comprising copper and iron.

The invention provides a process for removing cyanide from a cyanide-bearing aqueous fluid, the process comprising: (i) adding a solid composition comprising a first mixed-metal cyanide complex comprising copper and iron to a cyanide-bearing aqueous fluid comprising free cyanide and metal-complexed cyanide, wherein at least a portion of the first mixed-metal cyanide complex dissolves, with complexation of the copper by the free cyanide, to produce an aqueous solution comprising cyanometallates, the cyanometallates comprising copper cyanide and iron cyanide complexes derived from the first mixed-metal cyanide complex; (ii) contacting the aqueous solution with an anion-exchange absorbent to absorb the cyanometallates, thereby producing a cyanide-lean aqueous fluid; (iii) extracting the anion-exchange absorbent comprising the absorbed cyanometallates with at least one non-acidic aqueous extractant to produce an aqueous extract comprising the copper cyanide and iron cyanide complexes; and (iv) acidifying the aqueous extract to produce a precipitate comprising a second mixed-metal cyanide complex comprising copper and iron.