A water treatment device (100) can include a chamber (104) having an inlet (108) to receive water contaminated with pathogens and an outlet (110) to dispense treated water. The water treatment device (100) can also include a catalytic element (130) disposed in the chamber (104) to deactivate the pathogens in the water via at least one of electrocatalytic activity and photocatalytic activity. The chamber (104) and/or the catalytic element (130) can be configured to mix the water as the water flows from the inlet (108) to the outlet (110) thereby exposing the pathogens in the water to the catalytic element (130).

This method entails: collecting in advance untreated ballast water to which a chlorine-based active substance has not been added; measuring in advance the turbidity of the untreated ballast water; and adding a chlorine-based active substance with an adding amount determined on the basis of the turbidity. The amount of the chlorine-based active substance to be added is set according to the turbidity such that the concentration of total residual oxidants (TRO) is 0.5-3 mg/L (asCl.sub.2) when the ballast water is discharged.

This method entails: collecting in advance untreated ballast water to which a chlorine-based active substance has not been added; measuring in advance the turbidity of the untreated ballast water; and adding a chlorine-based active substance with an adding amount determined on the basis of the turbidity. The amount of the chlorine-based active substance to be added is set according to the turbidity such that the concentration of total residual oxidants (TRO) is 0.5-3 mg/L (asCl.sub.2) when the ballast water is discharged.

A disinfectant composition useful in shrimp aquaculture and a process for using such a disinfectant, in which there is a composition containing a) 25 to 87 wt. % of KHSO.sub.5 containing triple salt b) 1 to 20 wt. % of at least one H.sub.2N(CH.sub.2).sub.nSO.sub.3H compound with n being 0, 1, 2 or 3, c) 1 to 8 wt. % of a surfactant d) 1 to 60 wt. % of a C.sub.2-C.sub.10 aliphatic dicarboxylic acid, optionally substituted with a hydroxyl and/or carboxylic group and e) 10 to 30 wt. % alkali metal phosphate.

A disinfectant composition useful in shrimp aquaculture and a process for using such a disinfectant, in which there is a composition containing a) 25 to 87 wt. % of KHSO.sub.5 containing triple salt b) 1 to 20 wt. % of at least one H.sub.2N(CH.sub.2).sub.nSO.sub.3H compound with n being 0, 1, 2 or 3, c) 1 to 8 wt. % of a surfactant d) 1 to 60 wt. % of a C.sub.2-C.sub.10 aliphatic dicarboxylic acid, optionally substituted with a hydroxyl and/or carboxylic group and e) 10 to 30 wt. % alkali metal phosphate.

The present disclosure provides compositions and methods for treating volatile fatty acids and bacteria capable of producing volatile fatty acids. The compositions can convert acid-producing bacteria environments to nitrate-reducing bacteria environments. The compositions and methods can lower the amount of acid-producing bacteria present in the environment and thereby reduce the amount of volatile fatty acids present in the environment. The control agent may also inhibit the growth of acid-producing bacteria and volatile fatty acid concentrations. The compositions and methods can be used with any aqueous industrial system.

The present disclosure provides compositions and methods for treating volatile fatty acids and bacteria capable of producing volatile fatty acids. The compositions can convert acid-producing bacteria environments to nitrate-reducing bacteria environments. The compositions and methods can lower the amount of acid-producing bacteria present in the environment and thereby reduce the amount of volatile fatty acids present in the environment. The control agent may also inhibit the growth of acid-producing bacteria and volatile fatty acid concentrations. The compositions and methods can be used with any aqueous industrial system.

A medical device includes: a hollow body part formed in a predetermined bent shape; a head part provided at a tip portion thereof with a discharge port for discharging cleaning water and detachably coupled to a front end of the body part; a connection part connected to a shower hose and a rear end of the body part and provided with a control valve for controlling water supply, a water flow rate and a water pressure; a water purification tube built in the body part and provided with leakage preventing grilles at both ends thereof; and a purified water discharge part provided inside the head part and configured to remove foreign substances in the water by using a filter.

Compositions comprising an isolated peptide, which may for example optionally comprise a sequence selected from the group consisting of FDYDWY (SEQ ID NO: 2), SFSQNKSVHSFDYDWYNVSDQADLKN (SEQ ID NO: 3) or CSFSQNKSVHSFDYDWYNVSDQADLKNC (SEQ ID NO: 1), or any cyclized version thereof, and methods of using same, including for treatment of or prevention of formation of microbial biofilms and against adhesion of a cell to a surface.

Compositions comprising an isolated peptide, which may for example optionally comprise a sequence selected from the group consisting of FDYDWY (SEQ ID NO: 2), SFSQNKSVHSFDYDWYNVSDQADLKN (SEQ ID NO: 3) or CSFSQNKSVHSFDYDWYNVSDQADLKNC (SEQ ID NO: 1), or any cyclized version thereof, and methods of using same, including for treatment of or prevention of formation of microbial biofilms and against adhesion of a cell to a surface.