A trap apparatus of condensate water according to the present invention comprises: a neutralizing part including an inlet through which condensate water is introduced, an internal space for containing a neutralizing agent for neutralizing the introduced condensate water, and a condensate water passage through which the condensate water that was neutralized by the neutralizing agent in the internal space is discharged; a discharge part including a storage space for storing the condensate water which is directly or indirectly introduced through the condensate water passage, an outlet which is open in a circular shape so as to discharge the stored condensate water, and a spherical ball capable of closing the outlet by being seated on the outlet, wherein the ball is spaced from the outlet by buoyancy of the condensate water when the condensate water is contained in the storage space above a critical water level, such that the condensate water can be discharged through the outlet, and the condensate water can be neutralized simultaneously with discharging of only the condensate water without exhaust gas.

A trap apparatus of condensate water according to the present invention comprises: a neutralizing part including an inlet through which condensate water is introduced, an internal space for containing a neutralizing agent for neutralizing the introduced condensate water, and a condensate water passage through which the condensate water that was neutralized by the neutralizing agent in the internal space is discharged; a discharge part including a storage space for storing the condensate water which is directly or indirectly introduced through the condensate water passage, an outlet which is open in a circular shape so as to discharge the stored condensate water, and a spherical ball capable of closing the outlet by being seated on the outlet, wherein the ball is spaced from the outlet by buoyancy of the condensate water when the condensate water is contained in the storage space above a critical water level, such that the condensate water can be discharged through the outlet, and the condensate water can be neutralized simultaneously with discharging of only the condensate water without exhaust gas.

A system for reducing total dissolved solids in wastewater can include a vertical reactor that can include a flexible sheet material, where the flexible sheet material can be configured to facilitate the growth and attachment of an algal biofilm. The vertical reactor can include a shaft, where the shaft can be associated with and can support the flexible sheet material, and a drive motor, where the drive motor can be coupled with the shaft such that the flexible sheet material can be selectively actuated. The system can include a fluid reservoir containing a portion of wastewater through which the flexible sheet material is configured to pass as well as a stressor operably configured to stimulate the algae to produce an extracellular polymeric substance. A method of reducing total dissolved solids in wastewater includes moving an algal biofilm through the wastewater and moving the algal biofilm through a gas.

A system for reducing total dissolved solids in wastewater can include a vertical reactor that can include a flexible sheet material, where the flexible sheet material can be configured to facilitate the growth and attachment of an algal biofilm. The vertical reactor can include a shaft, where the shaft can be associated with and can support the flexible sheet material, and a drive motor, where the drive motor can be coupled with the shaft such that the flexible sheet material can be selectively actuated. The system can include a fluid reservoir containing a portion of wastewater through which the flexible sheet material is configured to pass as well as a stressor operably configured to stimulate the algae to produce an extracellular polymeric substance. A method of reducing total dissolved solids in wastewater includes moving an algal biofilm through the wastewater and moving the algal biofilm through a gas.

The invention is about a stabilized electromagnetic base liquid, as well as its preparation method and its application in the high-salt wastewater treatment. The raw material components of the electromagnetic base fluid include: 20-30 parts of alkali metal hydroxides(e.g., as sodium hydroxide); 20-30 parts of non-alkali metal (e.g., as silicon or phosphorus); 2-6 parts of ammonia; 31-140 parts of water; after treatment with a direct electrical current the parameters of the stabilized electromagnetic base liquid are: pH value: 12 to 14; oxidation reduction potential value: −1.0 to −1.8 v; with no corrosivity, confirming the presence of stabilized hydrated electrons (e.sub.aq−−). With the stabilized electromagnetic base liquid, the storage problem of the electromagnetic base liquid is solved, and the large-scale application in the industrial field can be realized, thereby achieving a large-scale high-salt wastewater treatment process with low cost, high recovery rate.

Methods and systems for generating a highly energized fluid formula for use in tempering grains and other foodstuffs is described. The temper fluid described herein is capable of reducing pathogens and/or pesticide residues on grains and other foodstuffs. The tempering fluid may include chlorine dioxide with an oxidative carrier solution, and may further include carboxylic acids. The methods described herein may include an alkaline fluid pre-rinse prior to treatment of the grain with the energized fluid formula.

A mobile water purification system comprises a movable trailer, a storage tank positioned within the trailer, a water filtration and treatment system positioned at least partially within the trailer, a water dispensing system positioned at least partially within the trailer. and one or more solar panels coupled to the trailer.

A contaminant-sequestering coating includes a network of hydrolyzed silane compounds. The hydrolyzed silane compounds include a hydrophilic polar head region, a hydrophobic linker, and an anchor region including a silicon atom. The network of hydrolyzed silane compounds is devoid or substantially devoid of fluorine atoms. Methods of destroying one or more perfluoroalkyl and/or polyfluoroalkyl (PFAS) compounds present in a contaminant-containing liquid are also provided.

A resin-wafer electrodeionization (RW-EDI) apparatus for purifying water for coffee brewing comprises a cathode; an anode; and multiple porous solid resin wafer exchange units arranged in a stack between the cathode and the anode, and an air distributor adapted and arranged to aerate the water to be purified. Each unit comprises a monovalent cation exchange membrane (CEM), an anion exchange membrane (AEM), and an ion exchange resin wafer between the CEM and the AEM, which is in contact with, and in fluid flow connection with the CEM and AEM. Each resin wafer comprises a cation exchange resin and an anion exchange resin. The units are oriented with the CEM facing the cathode and the AEM facing the anode, with space between the units defining ion concentrate chambers. Bipolar ion exchange membranes separate the anode and cathode from their nearest resin wafer exchange units.

An adsorbent for a target compound can include porous carbon particles having pores with a predominant pore size less than 10 nm, and magnetic nanoparticles (MNP) nucleated on the carbon surface and within the pores of carbon particles to provide a carbon magnetic nanoparticle adsorbent (C-MNA). A method for removing target compounds with an adsorbent, a system for removing contaminants from a liquid, and a method for adsorbing target compounds from a fluid are also disclosed.