Hydrophobically modified Si-containing polyamines are useful for treating scale in industrial process streams. Preferred hydrophobically modified Si-containing polyamines are particularly useful for treating aluminosilicate scale in difficult-to-treat industrial process streams, such as in the Bayer alumina process streams, nuclear waste streams and kraft paper mill effluent streams.

The present invention relates to the preparation of novel anion exchange membranes from bicomponent or tricomponent copolymers containing both quaternizable and cross-linkable moieties. The bicomponent copolymers consisted with polyacrylonitrile and poly(2-dimethylaminoethyl) methacrylate and the tricomponent copolymers consisted with polyacryloniterle and poly2-dimethylaminoethyl) methacrylate and polyn-butyl acrylate. Quaternization of dimethyl amino groups of copolymer by methyl iodide followed by cross-linking of acrylonitrile groups of copolymer by hydrazine hydrate resulted anion exchange membrane with desired properties such as high ion exchange capacity (1.30-1.50 meqg.sup.−1), high transport number (0.92-0.93) for direct use in electrodyalysis unit. The tricomponent anion exchange membrane containing 32 wt % PDMA, 17 wt % PnBA, and 51 wt % PAN exhibited improved performance mainly in terms of low power consumption and high current efficiency during desalination of water.

An ion removal device includes a hard water storage section configured to store hard water; and a fine bubble generation means configured to generate fine bubbles and supply the bubbles to the hard water storage section, wherein, in the hard water storage section, metal ions in the hard water are adsorbed to the fine bubbles to be removed from the hard water.

An irrigation device (10) including a solar collector (18) connected to a heating element (14). The heating element is embedded in a hydrated medium and heats this to produce water vapour. A semi-permeable membrane (34) allows the heated water vapour to be used for irrigation, thereby allowing marsh or sea water to be used to irrigate large tracts of arid soil.

The present disclosure relates to a filter, which comprises a housing, a protective bushing, a magnetic bar and a filter screen. The protective bushing, the magnetic bar and the filter screen are disposed in the housing. The protective bushing comprises a cavity and a channel. The channel is disposed along the axial direction of the cavity. The advantageous effects of the filter according to the present disclosure lies in that: the magnetic bar inside the filter can adsorb metal impurities in the water in the channel; and the channel is in S shape which can increase the length of the flow path of the water so that the metal impurities in the water can be guaranteed to be sufficiently adsorbed by the magnetic bar; and the filter screen can filter out non-metal impurities in the water. An exhaust valve provided at the top of the protective bushing can keep the balance between the air pressure inside the filter and the air pressure outside the filter, which can ensure that the water can flow out and in smoothly. The filter is attached with an operating handle. If the user wants to disassemble the filter to clear up the metal impurities and non-metal impurities in the filter, he can disassemble the filter by means of the operating handle without the need of professional operator, which is convenient and simple.

A method for removing silica from ultra pure water (UPW) comprises passing UPW through a filter comprising a microporous cationically charged membrane having an upstream surface and a downstream surface; and a porous asymmetric membrane having a first surface and an upstream portion and a downstream portion and a second surface, and a bulk between the first surface and the second surface including the upstream portion and the downstream portion, the porous asymmetric membrane having decreasing pore sizes in a direction from the first surface and the upstream portion to the downstream portion and the second surface, the second surface comprising a skin having a nanoporous average pore size, wherein the first surface of the porous asymmetric membrane contacts the downstream surface of the microporous cationically charged membrane; the method including passing the UPW through the microporous cationically charged membrane before passing the UPW through the porous asymmetric membrane.

A medical device includes: a hollow body part formed in a predetermined bent shape; a head part provided at a tip portion thereof with a discharge port for discharging cleaning water and detachably coupled to a front end of the body part; a connection part connected to a shower hose and a rear end of the body part and provided with a control valve for controlling water supply, a water flow rate and a water pressure; a water purification tube built in the body part and provided with leakage preventing grilles at both ends thereof; and a purified water discharge part provided inside the head part and configured to remove foreign substances in the water by using a filter.

Disclosed is a system for preventing scaling and deposit formation in a sterile air heat exchanger of a system for aseptic packaging within laminated carton packages, and a process for eliminating hydrogen peroxide residues in aseptic laminated carton packaging systems, characterized in that it comprises providing a supply of water for scrubbing sterile air that has the following properties: (a) maximum conductivity at 20° C. of 2.0 micromhos; and (b) a maximum silica content of 0.1 ppm.

Provided is an UFB generating apparatus and an UFB generating method capable of efficiently generating an UFB-containing liquid with high purity. The ultrafine bubble generating apparatus includes a generating unit that generates ultrafine bubbles in a liquid and a post-processing unit that performs predetermined post-processing on the ultrafine bubble-containing liquid generated by the generating unit. The generating unit generates the ultrafine bubbles by causing a heating element, which is provided in the liquid on which the pre-processing is performed, to generate heat to generate film boiling on an interface between the liquid and the heating element.

Method for treating production wastewater from the preparation of propylene oxide by co-oxidation. The wastewater includes a first portion of wastewater having a peroxide content of 2000 mg/L or more and a second portion of wastewater having a peroxide content of 50 mg/L or less.