The present invention provides a method for groundwater remediation using sustained-release persulfate tablets, which is to synthesize the persulfate and cellulose with specific ratio to form a remediated tablet, and the manufacturing process is operated under the specific pressure. In the composition of the tablet, the persulfate is used as an oxidant while the cellulose is used as a coating agent. The compound of the tablet is coated with the cellulose to slow the releasing rate of the compound and improve the releasing time of the persulfate in the water.

A method for desalination of hot supersaturated water having a temperature of between 40° C. and 80°, includes contacting the hot water with a reverse osmosis membrane which is resistant to temperatures of between 40 and 80° C. without a prior cooling step.

A system and method for treatment of a wastewater fluid is described. The system includes a gas supply system to provide a process gas into the wastewater fluid, a pulsed electrical-power generator to generate high electrical voltage pulses and a reactor apparatus pneumatically coupled to the gas supply system, and electrically coupled to the pulsed electrical-power generator. The reactor apparatus is configured to produce a plurality of gas microbubbles of the process gas injected into the wastewater fluid supplied into the reactor apparatus for the treatment, and to apply the high electrical voltage pulses generated by the pulsed electrical-power generator to said plurality of the microbubbles. The high electrical voltage pulses have energy sufficient to create a plasma glow discharge within the plurality of the microbubbles, and in an interface of the microbubbles with the wastewater fluid.

A process for remediating salt-impacted soils includes forming a heap of salt-impacted soil on an impermeable surface; irrigating the salt-impacted soil heap with at least one amendment solution; and collecting a leachate containing sodium ions at a base of the heap. A system remediates salt-impacted soil.

Compositions and methods for in situ ground water remediation. The compositions comprise a colloidal biomatrix comprised of sorbent particles, such as zeolites, organoclays and activated carbon, dispersed in aqueous solution that are injectable into the permeable zones of an aquifer to be treated. Once deposited into the permeable zones of the aquifer, the groundwater concentrations of contaminants in those zones are depleted, thus increasing the rate of diffusion of contaminants of the less permeable zones. The compositions and methods of the present invention can be used to treat any organic contaminants and provide rapid remediation of contaminated ground water by adsorption and biodegradation of such contaminants.

A forward osmosis system is provided. The system includes forward osmosis container having a semipermeable membrane dividing the forward osmosis chamber into a first chamber and a second chamber, a draw solution water removal unit including a quantity of draw solution solvent and water, wherein the draw solution solvent includes a nonaqueous liquid and a condenser configured to receive either water vapor or draw solution solvent vapor from the draw solution water removal unit and provide condensed draw solution solvent to the second chamber. The second chamber provides a water diluted draw solution solvent to the draw solution water removal unit. The first chamber takes in received water including a dissolved solute at an input mass per unit of volume and provides a fluid output having an output mass per unit of volume greater than the input mass per unit of volume.

The present disclosure relates to methods of synthesizing slurries comprising ferrihydrite nanoparticles, and systems and methods employing the same. The method may include the steps of preparing an aqueous solution having ferric iron cations, halide anions, and a two-line iron promoter, and precipitating the ferrihydrite nanoparticles in the aqueous solution, thereby producing a ferrihydrite slurry. The ferrihydrite slurries may be useful in treating a polluted fluid having sulfur contaminants therein.

The present invention provides for a device useful or removing dissolved ions from water comprising or configured to comprise composite resin electrodes. The present invention provides for a device useful for removing dissolved ions from water comprising or configured to comprise composite resin electrodes. The present invention also provides for a method for removing dissolved ions from water comprising providing said device, and using it thereof.

This invention is directed to amorphous and crystalline titanosilicate materials that have an unexpected selectivity for cesium and strontium, especially in the presence of high levels of competing ions. The titanosilicates of this invention show very high, unexpected selectivity in the presence of such competing cations such as sodium, calcium, magnesium and potassium, such as present in seawater.

An insoluble thin hydroxide shell is synthesized on the surface of nanoscale zero-valent iron (NZVI), using a rate-controlled deprotonation method. The hydroxide coated NZVI remains suspended in aqueous phase better than the prior art and can be used to remove groundwater contaminants.