A universal chemical processor (UCP) including a reactor vessel with a main chamber, comprises inlets for feedstock, a fluidizing medium and reactants. The UCP further includes a reactive X-ray chemical processor (RXCP) having a large area hollow cylindrical cold cathode in the main chamber, a grid positioned concentrically with respect to the cathode, and an anode positioned concentrically with respect to the cathode and grid. In operation, when activated, the cathode of the RXCP emits electrodes onto the anode, which then emits X-rays into a radiation zone within the main chamber capable of ionizing feedstock and reactants, inducing chemical reactions, and sterilizing and decomposing organic materials within the radiation zone, and wherein, a fluidized bed is supported in the main chamber when the fluidizing medium and feedstock are supplied. The RXCP and the fluidized bed portions can be operated separately or in conjunction to achieve unanticipated results.

The present disclosure is drawn to systems and methods of treating or utilizing water, including water for cooling applications or separation of compounds from wastewater, using evaporation panels, evaporation panel systems, evaporation panel securing systems, evaporation panel sub-assemblies, evaporation panel assemblies, groups of evaporation panel assemblies, wastewater evaporative separation systems, evaporative cooling systems, splash containment shields, water delivery trough systems, and the like.

A protectant composition including at least two of the following:(a) a biochelant; (b) a chelant; (c) an acid; (d) a scale inhibitor; (e) a corrosion inhibitor; (f) an antiprecipitation additive; (g) a soluble phosphorous compound; and (h) solvent. A method for reducing the amount of ferric ion in a produced water, the method including preparing a protectant composition comprising a scale inhibitor; a biochelant; and a solvent; and introducing the composition to a produced water. A method of mitigating the formation of calcium phosphate precipitant, the method including preparing a composition including a biochelant; a soluble phosphorous compound; an antiprecipitation additive; and a solvent; and introducing the composition to a feed water disposed in a fluid conduit.

A method for degrading a polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon such as the 5-membered ring compound benzo(a)pyrene (BZP) using a halophilic microbe Staphylococcus haemoliticus, strain 10SBZ1A.

Movable thick dehydration device and method for eluent sediment from medium- and low-concentration ammonia nitrogen are provided. The device integrates the existing eluent preparing mechanism, a transferring mechanism, pumping mechanisms, a transport vehicle, an automatic controlling system, an eluent collecting pool, primary and secondary sedimentation pools, and primary and secondary processing units. After post-treatment and recovery of eluent waste from rare earth mines, ammonia nitrogen and rare earth heavy metals in the eluent of rare earth mines can be recovered and disposed, and 90% of ammonia nitrogen and over 95% of rare earth in the eluent can be recycled. The device is movable and automated, and therefore suitable for environmental treatment of closed rare earth mines with residual ammonia nitrogen. Meanwhile, it is beneficial to reduce investment costs of capital construction, disposal site restoration of environmental treatment of rare earth mines with residual ammonia nitrogen.

Disclosed is a cascade water recycling intelligent system for shale gas exploitation, comprising a cascade water recycling system, wherein a data output end of the cascade water recycling system is connected with a data input end of an information system, a data output end of the information system is connected with a data input end of a decision making system, and a data output end of the decision making system is connected with a regulator; the cascade water recycling system comprises at least one time of water quantity judgment, a current exploiting intensity of shale gas is continued under a condition that the water quantity does not exceed a water safety threshold; and monitoring data is transferred to the information system under a condition that the water quantity exceeds the water safety threshold; the information system is further used for transferring the collected data to the decision making system.

A graphene coated crushed glass particle adsorbent is provided for the removal of heavy metals and other contaminants in from solutions such as wastewaters, contaminated surface water and groundwater. The adsorbent comprises crushed (e.g. recycled) glass coated with graphene nano-sheets using a staged thermal binding process and the silicas in the glass as a catalyst. The adsorbent may be configured for use in both in-situ and ex-situ treatment systems and is capable of removing heavy metals and other inorganic and organic contaminants. The strong adsorptive bond between contaminants and the graphene coating on crushed glass particles can also lead to alternative applications of the end of life adsorbent, such as base material in road and pavement (e.g. cement-like) construction materials.

A bilayer electrospun membranes for treating hydraulic fracking wastewater via membrane distillation, and more particularly to bilayer electrospun membranes having an omniphobic layer to prevent low-surface tension solution wicking and an oleophobic antifouling surface to prevent foulant depositing on the membrane. Nanoparticles are decorated on the omniphobic surface through electrochemical interaction, which is coated with a fluorine monomer on the nanoparticles. A zwitterionic co-polymer is grafted using self-assembly between hydroxy groups on the antifouling surface generated by alkaline treatment and anchor segment epoxy groups on zwitterionic co-polymer.

A method of evaporating a fluid is provided. The method comprises forming a flow with toroidal vortices in the fluid, such that the fluid is exposed to alternating flow velocities and alternating pressures, thereby increasing evaporation of the fluid. A method of precipitating salt out of an aqueous solution is also provided. The method comprises forming a flow with toroidal vortices in the aqueous solution, such that the aqueous solution is exposed to alternating flow velocities and alternating pressures, thereby initiating precipitation of salts from the solution.

The present application discloses a Bacillus sp. producing a bioflocculant and a biosurfactant. The microbial classification of the Bacillus sp. is named Bacillus sp. SS15, which has been preserved in China Center for Type Culture Collection on Mar. 29, 2021, and its preservation number is CCTCC M2021295; the 16S rRNA sequence of SS15 is shown as SEQ ID NO.1. Bacillus sp. SS15 obtained by the present application has the function of simultaneously producing a bioflocculant and a biosurfactant. The bioflocculant and biosurfactant produced by Bacillus sp. SS15 of the present application not only have high activity, but also show strong tolerance in the ranges of pH (2-12), temperature (4° C.-100° C.) and salinity (0-100 g/L). Meanwhile, they can be applied to the remediation of a fracturing flowback liquid and can effectively promote the removal of chroma, suspended solids, COD, n-alkanes and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons at the same time.