A water replicating system comprises a water analyzer for analyzing a target water to determine relative content of selected components. The system further comprises a water treatment apparatus for receiving source water, the water treatment apparatus having a first treatment portion for removing or reducing the relative content of selected components and a second treatment portion for adding components so that the source water will substantially replicate the target water.

A water treatment device is provided with a separation membrane device having a separation membrane for concentrating dissolved components and dispersed components from water to be treated and obtaining permeated water; a first deposit detecting unit provided in a non-permeated water branch line branched from a non-permeated water line for discharging non-permeated water in which dissolved components and dispersed components have been concentrated, using part of the non-permeated water that has branched off as a detection liquid, and having a first separation membrane for detection in which the detection liquid is separated into permeated water for detection and non-permeated water for detection; and first flow rate measuring devices for separated liquid for detection that measure the flow rates of one or both of the permeated water for detection and the non-permeated water for detection separated by the first separation membrane for detection.

A method for controlling water purification, and a water purification apparatus (1). The apparatus (1) comprises a reverse osmosis membrane (3a) configured to receive feed water from a feed pump (5), and to produce permeate water and reject water. The method comprises measuring (S1) a property indicative of an inlet water quality C.sub.inlet of inlet water to the feed pump (5), and determining (S2) a target recovery for the water purification based on the property indicative of the inlet water quality. The method further comprises controlling (S3) a feed pump speed to a predetermined speed, or to a speed determined based on a relation between the feed pump speed, the inlet water quality C.sub.inlet and a target permeate water quality C.sub.per, based on the inlet water quality. The method comprises measuring (S4) a property indicative of a product water flow rate Q.sub.prod, wherein the product water is permeate water that is delivered for consumption, recirculating (S5) a first portion of the reject water, and controlling (S6) a drain flow rate Q.sub.drain to drain, from a second portion of the reject water, to accomplish the target recovery based on the product water flow rate Q.sub.prod.

To measure target component concentration in a liquid with higher accuracy without any dedicated apparatus or skill, a method is adapted to include: receiving a successive measurement value obtained by performing successive measurement of the target component concentration with use of a first measurement device immersed in the liquid; receiving a batch measurement value obtained by, with use of a second measurement device, performing batch measurement of the target component concentration in a part sampled from the liquid; and, when the batch measurement value is received, successively calculating a correlation value indicating the correlation between multiple successive measurement values and multiple batch measurement values respectively obtained in mutually corresponding multiple times of successive measurement and multiple times of batch measurement. In addition, the first measurement device is adapted to calculate the target component concentration or correct a successive measurement value with use of the latest correlation value.

An aeration nozzle is provided, having on one end an air supply port (16a) connected to an aeration pump (13) and a waste water suction port (17) for suctioning waste water in a processing tank (3, 4), and having a micro-bubble generation unit (18), provided facing the air supply port, for mixing air supplied by the air supply port and waste water suctioned from the waste water suction port and generating micro-bubbles (9), wherein a plurality of blades of cylindrical micro-bubble generators (19) included in the micro-bubble generation unit (18) is configured such that tip ends of the blades are formed so as to face one another around the center of the cylindrical micro-bubble generators (19a, 19b); and by being formed from an elastic member (such as rubber), the tip ends of the blades are configured so as to bend with the base ends as starting points.

A ballast water treatment system includes: a chemical agent container for containing a chemical agent for a ballast water treatment; a chemical liquid preparation tank having a tank main body for containing the chemical agent supplied from the chemical agent container and water for dissolving the chemical agent, and a mixture part for mixing the chemical agent with the water in the tank main body; a chemical liquid storage tank for storing the chemical liquid obtained by dissolving the chemical agent in the water in the chemical liquid preparation tank; and a chemical liquid supply part for supplying the chemical liquid stored in the chemical liquid storage tank into ballast water.

An emergency treatment device for algal blooms in reservoir tributaries and bays includes a hull, an automatic detection unit provided on the hull, an algae collection-separation unit, an ultrasonic algae removal unit, a micro-current electrolytic algae suppression unit, an algaecide adding unit, a power unit and a control unit. The automatic detection unit, the algae collection-separation unit, the ultrasonic algae removal unit, the micro-current electrolytic algae suppression unit, the algaecide adding unit and the power unit are connected with the control unit. The algae collection-separation unit is used for suction and ex-situ treatment of high-density algae on a surface of the water body. The ultrasonic algae removal unit, the micro-current electrolytic algae suppression unit and the algaecide adding unit are used for in-situ treatment of algae in the water body.

A salt water chlorinator assembly along a closed loop water circuit incorporates a chlorinator cell subassembly and a flow switch subassembly into respective fluidly connected chlorinator assembly housing interior portions. The chlorinator cell subassembly includes an electrolysis cell controlled by a chlorinator printed circuit board. The flow switch subassembly includes a flow sensor mounted upon a printed circuit board assembly (PCBA). A flow switch cable selectively attaches to a PCBA connector. Water flow rate data generated by the flow switch sensor, communicated via an external controller to a smart circulation pump, is used to enable automatic adjustment of the pump speed based upon the flow rate data. The external controller may further alert an end user of undesirable flow rate deviations due to a condition (e.g. a clogged pump/skimmer basket and/or dirty filter) along the closed loop circuit requiring attention.

A method and system of treating a liquid stream is provided. The water is treated by utilizing a free radical scavenging system and a free radical removal system. The free radical scavenging system can utilize actinic radiation with a free radical precursor compound, such as ammonium persulfate. The free radical removal system can comprise use of a reducing agent. The water may be further treated by utilizing ion exchange media and degasification apparatus. A control system may be utilized to measure and regulate addition of the precursor compound, the intensity of the actinic radiation, and addition of the reducing agent to the water.

A method for operating a membrane separation device includes (a) setting a flow amount M(t) of permeated water and extracting the permeated water from the membrane separation device by the set flow amount M(t), and (b) temporarily stopping the extracting the permeated water, when a water level of a first water tank in which the membrane separation device is immersed, a water level of a second water tank in communication with the first tank, or a water level of a third water tank receiving overflowing water from the first water tank becomes lower than a predetermined halt water level. M(t), which is the flow amount of the permeated water during a time period t, satisfies a equation M(t)=KQ(t−1), where K is a gain (K>1), and Q(t−1) is an amount of inflow of the water-to-be-treated during a time period t−1 immediately prior to the time period t.