An improved method for wastewater treatment is disclosed which greatly reduces hardware fowling and maintenance requirements, and greatly increases the service life of associated hardware. The method can include heating a solution in a vessel to facilitate evaporation while spraying interior vessel surfaces to enhance evaporation and wet interior surfaces to reduce scaling on such surfaces. Solution parameters can be monitored, and a portion of the solution drained as the solution reaches an unstable state prior to the occurrence of harmful scaling. More solution can then be added to the undrained solution again heating the solution in the vessel until harmful scaling is once again impending. The process can be repeated until all the wastewater is treated wherein heat is removed and the vessel is entirely emptied. Keeping at least some solution in the vessel greatly reduces system scaling and significantly increases the lifetime of the associated hardware.

Provided herein are methods and systems for water purification from oxyanions, nitrate in particular, by Donnan dialysis unit coupled with a bioreactor, to allow the uninterrupted or minimally interrupted operation of the technological assembly.

A chemical composition for increasing density of liquids such as water for sports, bathing, leisure and/or rehabilitation uses includes in weight percentage: potassium citrate, between 1.2% and 63%; sodium citrate, between 1.5% and 66%; potassium chloride, between 2.2% and 97%; potassium ascorbate, between 5.1% and 94%; and sodium benzoate, between 1.03% and 22%. The components are water-soluble salts, environmentally friendly, which are common food additives, what makes them safety for humans. The composition can be added to water of swimming pools, ponds, tanks, rafts, bathtubs or artificial beaches, where it increases density, increasing floatability and facilitating the practice of sports, swimming, bathing or other leisure activities. It also helps to prevent development of microorganisms or other polluting substances and to diminish freezing point of the water where it has been added.

Described are methods for monitoring marine water-body sustainability at a site of discharge of water into the water-body. Typically, the discharge of water occurs at a discharge of streams, rivers, water purification plants, water desalination plants, power plants, and discharge of oil refineries. The methods provide for daily, quarterly, as well as annual monitoring of water-body quality to ensure sustainability. The methods typically include establishing monitoring sites at a plurality of designated distances from the site of discharge, at a plurality of designated depths at the monitoring sites, and obtaining samples from the water-body at the monitoring sites. Interrogating the obtained samples for physical and chemical monitoring, biological monitoring, biochemical and organic monitoring, microbial monitoring, and phylogenetic analysis, as well as monitoring the sites for marine observational surveys, helps establish the marine water-body sustainability at a site of discharge.

The present invention discloses a device and a method for large-scale flow solidification treatment of dredged sediment in a pipeline without a yard. The device includes a dredger, a treatment unit and a use terminal that are communicated in sequence, where the dredger is connected with the treatment unit by adopting transportation units, a mud pump is arranged between the transportation units and the dredger to provide power, a plurality of transportation units are communicated in sequence by adopting relay pumps, the treatment unit includes a mixing system, a monitoring system and a data processing and control system, and the device is also provided with an air pump. The method for the flow solidification treatment of the sludge in the pipeline, provided in the present invention, fundamentally changes the mode where the traditional dredging engineering needs to set up a large number of sludge yards first, and then uses solidification treatment equipment for stirring and mixing treatment, which saves land, and does not have the problem of environmental pollution of yards, and therefore, the method has wide applicability; and a device and a method for mixing sludge and a solidifying material in a pipeline are provided, the injection speed of a solidifying agent is precisely controlled, the mixing effect is good, the emphasis is on the grading and judging standards of pipelines, and corresponding solutions are given.

A FOG (Fats, Oil, or Grease) separator apparatus includes (1) a first reservoir or chamber having a wastewater inlet configured to receive wastewater containing FOG; (2) a second reservoir or chamber which is separated from the first reservoir by a first 5 weir configured to permit overflow of at least FOG from the first reservoir to the second reservoir; and (3) a third reservoir or chamber separated from the second reservoir by a second weir configured to permit overflow of at least FOG from the second reservoir to the third reservoir.

Methods of the present disclosure may be referred to as direct material extraction. Brine may be moved into a media bed such that extractant materials in the media bed absorb ions of a target material without absorbing other materials included in the brine. Desired ion(s) may be transported into the extractant and be held there temporally based on ionic bonds that form between the desired ions and the extractant material. Apparatuses of the present disclosure may contain the extractant material, receive brine, and may receive a stripping solution such that desired materials are separated from other materials included in the brine. After the extractant material has absorbed the desired materials, a flow of stripping solution may be used to flush other materials out of an apparatus and then to flush the desired materials out of the extractant material.

Water clarification systems and methods of clarifying water. An example system uses a water clarifier comprising a settling tank with a sample port disposed in a wall of the settling tank from and configured to allow for the removal of a sludge sample from the settling tank. The system additionally has a fluid characterization unit fluidically coupled to the sample port and a controller coupled to the fluid characterization unit. A chemical additive pump is coupled to the controller and the water clarifier. A sludge sample is obtained from the settling tank of a water clarifier and the density of the sludge sample is measured. A volume of a chemical additive is adjusted and it is introduced into the water clarifier based at least in part on the measured density of the sludge sample.