The disclosure provides two integrated methods for the production of potable water from seawater or other brackish waters using chemical forced precipitation. The process is closed loop. It recycles process reactants and produces commercially valuable potable water and salts. The technology uses a computer software method of process variable control that maintains the chemical forced precipitation process salt, solvent, and water concentrations as required to optimize water production. The process fortuitously requires less energy than other water production processes and can utilize solar hot water heating or waste heat from other combustion and seawater for heating and cooling energy sources.

A method for mitigating microbe buildup within a potable water supply system including: cleaning of the water supply system; acquiring data including at least water conditions at multiple points within the potable water supply system; a control system adjusting local water conditions within the potable water supply system; a bacteria monitor assessing water within the potable water system to determine at least levels of bacteria within the potable water system; and applying an antimicrobial condition to water within the potable water system.

According to present disclosure, there is disclosed an algae growth and cultivation system that provides a cost-efficient means of producing algae biomass as feedstock for algae-based products, such as, fertilizer, feed, biofuel manufacture, and desirably impacts, nutrient recovery from waste streams for valued byproducts production, recycle water, and alternative/renewable energy production. The system as discussed herein is an integrated systems approach to wastewater treatment, algal strains selection for byproducts production, and recycle of algal biomass-processing waste or additional algae harvested as feedstock for products such as fertilizer production. Embodiments of a system as discussed herein present an economically viable algae production system and process that allows algae-derived products such as fertilizer, feed, biofuels, etc. to compete with non-organic or petroleum products in the marketplace.

A method of increasing operational efficiency of a power plant includes determining an average rate of accumulation of scale-forming compounds in a cooling water source, directing water from the cooling water source having a first concentration of scale forming compounds through a treatment system to produce a treated water having a lower concentration of scale-forming components than the first concentration by operating the treatment system with operating parameters selected such that a rate of removal of the scale-forming components from the water in the treatment system is greater than the average rate of accumulation of the scale-forming components, directing the treated water back into the cooling water source, and circulating water including the treated water from the cooling water source through a cooling system of the power plant.

The present invention provides a method of enhancing continuous directional high-value biological conversion of an urban wet garbage open system. The method includes wet garbage crushing, low-energy consumption hydrolysis, continuous conversion of organic components of wet garbage into short-chain fatty acid, continuous directional conversion of other components of short-chain fatty acid into acetic acid, separation and microbial reflux of acetic acid, and the like. In this method, by crushing wet garbage, performing low-energy consumption hydrolysis, and seeding acclimatized activated sludge, two stages of anaerobic fermentations are carried out to firstly convert organic components of the wet garbage continuously into short-chain fatty acid, and then continuously and directionally convert other components of short-chain fatty acid into acetic acid, so as to realize continuous directional high-value biological conversion of the urban wet garbage in an open system without adding pure microbes and a large amount of chemicals.

An evaporation system for spray evaporating undesired water comprising: a first pump, a container comprising a sump, a second pump, a spray manifold comprising a spray nozzle, a packing system disposed within the container, a third pump, and an air system comprising an air blower and an air preheater is disclosed. An outlet of a water inlet is connected to an inlet of the first pump. A first portion of a ceiling of the container is constituted by a demister element such that the first portion of the ceiling is entirely configured as an outlet for evaporated water. A second portion of the ceiling is adjacent to an upper edge of a wall of the container. An outlet of the first pump is connected to an inlet of the container. An inlet of a draw line is disposed in the sump; and an outlet of the draw line is connected to an inlet of the second pump. An outlet of the second pump is connected to an inlet of the spray manifold. The spray nozzle discharges water droplets onto the packing system. An inlet of the third pump is connected to an outlet of the sump. An outlet of the third pump is connected to a discharge outlet. The air system is disposed through the wall of the container; and the air system discharges air flow counter to and/or crossways to the water droplets from the spray nozzle. A method of using the evaporation system is also disclosed.

The water treatment apparatus of the present invention comprises a flocculation part into which water to be treated is introduced, at least two flocculant adding devices installed so that different flocculants can be added to the flocculation part, one or two or more water quality measurement devices for measuring the quality of the water to be treated, and a controlling part for issuing, on the basis of the measurement result from the water quality measurement device(s), a command relating to whether addition of the flocculants to the corresponding flocculant adding device is required or not and to the added amounts of the flocculants, wherein at least one of the flocculant adding devices is an auxiliary flocculant adding device.

To provide a sterilizing liquid and a method of producing the same that have no restrictions on application methods and usage and can be widely used for sterilization, a sterilizing liquid including water containing reactive oxygen species and a nanoparticle catalyst in a stationary state is produced by causing cavitation in water having a conductivity of 2000 μS/cm or less and COD of 2000 ppm or less while causing the water to flow by a stirrer 2, and causing generation of plasma by a plasma generation mechanism 3 in which a pulse voltage is applied across electrodes 31 in the water including air bubbles mainly containing water vapor generated by the cavitation.

Systems for treating wastewater containing organic nitrogen compounds are disclosed. The systems include a wet air oxidation unit having an oxidation zone, a catalytic zone, and a metal-based catalyst. Methods of treating wastewater containing organic nitrogen compounds are also disclosed. The methods include contacting the wastewater with an oxidant to produce a mixed liquor, contacting the mixed liquor with a metal-based catalyst to catalyze ammonia and produce a gas containing nitrogen and a liquid effluent containing nitrogen. Methods of retrofitting a wet air oxidation unit including providing a metal-based catalyst are also disclosed. Methods of facilitating treatment of wastewater in a wet air oxidation unit including providing a metal-based catalyst are also disclosed.

A bioreactor cleaning system for cleaning a bioreactor in a rail vehicle. A suction unit, a supply unit, an electronic control unit for actuating the suction unit and the supply unit, an acid tank, a collection tank for receiving a liquid suctioned out of the bioreactor, and a freshwater connection are provided. The bioreactor cleaning system comprises a metering unit which has acid canister connections, base canister connections, an acid metering device which can be connected to the acid canister connections and the acid tank, and a base metering device which can be connected to the base canister connections and the acid tank. Additionally, a mixer is provided in order to mix the different liquids.