A two-stage water treatment process. In a first stage, an incoming stream of water is processed to remove impurities and produce an outgoing stream of water usable for a first purpose and a waste stream of water not suitable for the first purpose. In a second stage, the waste stream of water is processed to remove hardness and alkalinity and produce a second outgoing stream of water suitable for a second purpose. In an exemplary embodiment, the first stage is a forward osmosis or nanofiltration process, and the first purpose includes production of potable water. The second stage includes the use of a weak acid cation resin system.

A plant operation support system supports an operation of a plant. The plant operation support system includes a fluctuation prediction device configured to predict a fluctuation of an element which is input to the plant, and a simulation device configured to simulate a behavior of the plant using a fluctuation of the element predicted by the fluctuation prediction device and data which is obtained from the plant.

Described herein are systems and methods of analyzing data acquired from a water plant, both historical and in real-time, making determinations about process and asset health diagnosis and anomaly detection using advanced techniques, and controlling the plant and/or providing alerts based on such determinations.

A coffee machine is disclosed having a water system intended to be connected to a water supply system, a filter unit disposed at the inlet of the water system, a pump, a tank disposed in the water system between the filter unit and the pump, a sensor unit disposed in the tank and suitable for measuring at least one quality parameter of the water contained in the tank, a monitoring unit electrically connected to the sensor unit to receive electrical signals that are indicative of the measured water quality parameters, transduce the electrical signals in numerical values and compare the numerical values of the measured parameters with preset threshold ranges, and a user interface operatively connected to the monitoring unit and having an alarm to indicate when a water parameter is out of the preset threshold range.

A method and apparatus for the treatment of water and, more particularly, to the mineralization of water in order to improve pH, hardness, turbidity, and/or alkalinity is described. More particularly, a system is provided for the treatment of water that needs additional hardness, alkalinity, and/or pH adjustment while also meeting turbidity requirements. The use of sodium hydroxide and other methods for avoiding turbidity problems can be eliminated and/or minimized.

A method for treating water to remove a target analyte that includes adding to the water a rare earth metal salt and a coagulant, and then removing the target analyte from the water. The treatment composition can be added as a blend that includes die coagulant and the rare earth metal salt.

A computer-implemented method includes controlling an instrument to measure a fluorescence emission spectrum of a sample including a first peak emission wavelength and at least a second peak emission wavelength, emitted in response to an excitation wavelength and controlling the instrument to measure an absorbance obtained at the excitation wavelength of the sample. The method may include determining, using the computer, a ratio of the measurements at either the second peak emission wavelength, or a sum of measurements at a plurality of peak emission wavelengths including at least the first peak emission wavelength and the second peak emission wavelength, to the first peak emission wavelength, and calculating, using the computer, a value for a quality parameter based on a combination of at least the ratio and the absorbance measurement. The method may include controlling an associated process based on the quality parameter.

A capture device for capturing a target gas from a gas flow is disclosed that can be continuously used without requiring consumption of target gas binding salts. To this end, the device is arranged to generate separate acidic and alkaline streams of fluid by electrolyzing water, binding the target gas to the hydroxide ions in the alkaline fluid stream or the hydronium ions in the acidic stream, and recombining the generated streams to release the bound target gas and regenerating part of the electrolyzed water for further electrolysis. Such a capture device may for instance be used in a gas purification system, e.g. an air purification system for controlling target gas levels in a confined space such as a vehicle cabin, domestic dwelling or office space, a target gas generation system or a target gas enrichment system, e.g. for creating target gas-rich air for horticultural purposes. A method for capturing target gas from a gas flow and optionally utilizing the captured target gas is also disclosed.

Processes are disclosed for the microbial nitritation of ammonia that attenuate the production of at least one of nitrate anion and nitrous oxide. The processes use an ME biocatalyst having a highly porous, hydrophilic polymeric structure with ammonia-oxidizing microorganisms substantially irreversibly retained therein. The processes are particularly useful for integration with anammox processes.

A water monitoring device monitors and maintains swimming pool chemistry. The device mixes reagents with water in flowcells. The water chemistry is detected by measuring the light transmitted through the flowcells. The water monitoring device can communicate with computers, servers and mobile computing devices which can store and display the water chemistry information. The reagents can be stored in a replaceable reagent cartridge which can provide reagents for water testing and can be replaced when the reagents need to be replenished.