Methods, apparatus, and systems are provided for detecting and removing microplastics from wastewater effluent. Both, automatic/remote and manual monitoring and sampling components are included to detect the presence of microplastics. The automatic monitoring and sampling component includes a TSS sensor and associated apparatus calibrated to account for non-plastic solids present in the wastewater and, thereby, more accurately determine the presence of microplastics. Efficient separation and removal of microplastics from wastewater effluent is performed by a specialized capture net apparatus having multiple sized mesh components and optional diffuser devices which perform size exclusion filtration of microplastics from the water. In an exemplary embodiment, the methods generally include diverting treated wastewater effluent from a wastewater treatment facility's main line into a wastewater sampling mechanism via an intake pipe, and then into a solids monitoring and separation mechanism which includes the specialized capture net apparatus.

An extraction manifold for extracting digestate from a covered lagoon digester includes a digester vessel being shaped generally as a rectangular prism lacking an upward facing face and having a floor sloping generally downward from an intake face to an extraction face of the digester vessel. The intake face and extraction face are oriented vertically, situated in opposed relation on a longer horizontal axis. Each effluent pipe terminates in an extraction nozzle on one end and an independently addressable actuatable valve on the opposite end. Each actuatable valve communicates with a manifold plenum such that actuation of the valve draws digestate from the floor in a region of the floor adjacent to the extraction face and in proximity to the extraction nozzle. A valve controller actuates valves to remove digestate from the region of the floor adjacent to the extraction face. The valve controller includes sensors to monitor biogas production.

Disclosed are methods of treating wastewater using a membrane bioreactor and achieving a target phosphorus concentration for the membrane permeate stream. These methods include the steps of dosing a wastewater stream with a rare earth clarifying agent and passing the dosed wastewater stream through the membrane to obtain a membrane permeate stream with a permeate concentration that is less than the phosphorus concentration of the influent stream. This permeate concentration also can be equal to or less than a target phosphorus concentration. In the methods as disclosed herein, the rare earth clarifying agent can be chloride salts of one or more rare earth elements and in certain embodiments, the rare earth clarifying agent can be CeCl.sub.3 and LaCl.sub.3.

A water softening device includes an electrolysis device, a first circulation flow path and a second circulation flow path, a first sensor, a second sensor, and a controller, wherein the controller controls the electrolysis device to execute a first mode in which the alkaline water is allowed to flow through the first circulation flow path and the acidic water is allowed to flow through the second circulation flow path, and a second mode in which the acidic water is allowed to flow through the first circulation flow path (8A) and the alkaline water is allowed to flow through the second circulation flow path, and controls to stop electrolysis by the electrolysis device based on a detection value of the first sensor or the second sensor in the first mode and the second mode.

The present invention relates to a system (17) for real-time monitoring and/or controlling wastewater or sludge dewatering and/or thickening processes, said system (17) comprising a wastewater piping (13) comprising a wastewater inlet (1) and a concentrated wastewater outlet (18); at least one dewatering or thickening device (14), attached to said wastewater piping (13) between the inlet (1) and the outlet (18); at least one total solids measurement device (2, 8, 11), attached to said wastewater piping (13); at least one total suspended solids measurement device (3, 7, 10), attached to said wastewater piping (13) or a fluid outlet (9) of the dewatering or thickening device (14); an inorganic coagulant container (4) connected to said wastewater piping (13); a feeding valve (5) to control a flow of inorganic coagulant from said inorganic coagulant container (4) to said wastewater piping (13); and a control unit (15); wherein the flow of inorganic coagulant is adapted to be controlled to uphold at least a predetermined set point value (TDS1) in relation to the value measured by said total solids (TS) measurement device, and the value measured by said total suspended solids (TSS) measurement device. The present invention further relates to a method for controlling said system and the use of the system for monitoring and/or controlling a wastewater dewatering and/or thickening process.

Embodiments provide methods and strictures for purification or volume reduction of a brine by an advanced vacuum distillation process (AVMD) to achieve higher flux by passage of vapors through an AVMD distillation unit. In one example, brine is circulated in a tank. The tank may include one or more membrane pouches that are submerged in the circulating brine or placed above the water level of the hot circulating brine. In other embodiments the membrane pouches are outside of the tank that includes the hot circulating brine but still in communication with it. The circulating brine is heated, allowing creation of water vapor. Using a vacuum, the water vapor is drawn through the membrane, where it may be condensed and subjected to further beneficial use. This process can concentrate to levels to generate crystals or solids, which can be separated and utilized.

Provided are water treatment systems and methods of treating water. A water treatment system comprises a first wire coil wrapped around a water pipe at a first angle, wherein the first angle is less than 90° as measured from a direction of water flow through the water pipe; a second wire coil wrapped around the water pipe at a second angle, wherein the second angle is more than 90° as measured from the direction of water flow through the water pipe; and a controller configured to send a first electric current to the first wire coil to generate a first magnetic field and a second electric current to the second wire coil to generate a second magnetic field.

Disclosed are methods and systems that facilitate more accurate measurement of the turbidity, i.e., insoluble ion content, of source water streams in water treatment processes, and in turn more accurate dosing of metal salt coagulants to cause these insoluble ions to floc and precipitate from the source water stream. Methods and systems for calibration of streaming current sensors used for such turbidity/insoluble ion content measurement are also disclosed.

Anaerobic wastewater treatment systems, devices and methods complete three-phase separation of biogas, liquids and solids (e.g., biomass) using overlapped gas hoods or baffles and one or more conically-shaped settlers having a varying cross-sectional area.

Some embodiments of the invention provide a reverse osmosis water filtration system including a housing, a pre-filter cartridge, a reverse osmosis cartridge, and a post treatment cartridge. A medial water line transports a first portion of pretreated water from the pre-filter cartridge to the reverse osmosis cartridge. An unfiltered water line includes a flow restrictor and blend valve. The unfiltered water line is fluidly coupled between the medial water line and a blend water line. The blend water line receives filtered water at a first flowrate from the reverse osmosis cartridge and unfiltered water at a second flowrate from the blend valve. The first flowrate and the second flowrate are substantially equal to produce a consistent total dissolved solids value.