A system includes memory banks that store data and a data path coupled to the memory banks that transfers the data. The system also includes a latch that gates the data path based on a clock signal in the system. The system further includes interface circuitry coupled to the data path that sends an instruction to the memory banks to transmit the data on the data path in response to receiving a first rising edge of the clock signal. The interface circuitry also outputs gated data in response to receiving a second rising edge of the clock signal. The latch gates the data path to store the gated data in response to receiving a falling edge of the clock signal.

A system for wastewater treatment process control comprising a set of measuring means arranged to obtain a dataset, the dataset comprises a plurality of process variables related to a parameter of the wastewater treatment process; a prediction module arranged to receive the dataset and predict the parameter of wastewater treatment process based on a soft sensor; a troubleshooting module arranged to compare the predicted parameter with a predetermined criterion; wherein if the predicted parameter does not satisfy the predetermined criterion; the troubleshooting module is operable to identify at least one process variable from the plurality of process variables which causes the predicted parameter not to satisfy the predetermined criterion and determine whether the identified at least one process variable from the plurality of process variables is controllable. An optimisation module for use in a wastewater treatment system is also disclosed.

An affordable, low-power, low-profile water contamination detection and/or filtration device that can be installed directly onto a home faucet or other water line. The contamination detection part uses photometric and other sensors to collect data pertaining to levels of Total Organic Carbon, Total Dissolved Solids, heavy metals, turbidity, harmful bacteria, and other contaminants. The device uses efficient circuit design so that parts of the sensor, LED, and calculation circuit are only activated when the faucet is turned on and water fills a measurement chamber. The filtration part of the device can be switched on and off using simple twist interface, such that filtered water can flow directly into the contamination detection part for testing.

A wastewater treatment system including, storing in a storage unit, a wastewater storage tank for storing wastewater containing organic matter, an ozone treatment device for treating wastewater with ozone, thereby reducing the molecular weight of organic matter contained in wastewater, a wastewater circulating structure for conveying wastewater stored in the wastewater storage tank to the ozone treatment device and circulating the ozone-treated wastewater back into the wastewater storage tank, and a biological treatment tank for bringing aerobic microorganisms into contact with wastewater, conveyed from the wastewater storage tank, which contains the ozone-treated wastewater, thereby reducing organic matter contained in wastewater.

A method and system of providing ultrapure water for semiconductor fabrication operations is provided. The water is treated by utilizing a free radical scavenging system. The free radical scavenging system can utilize actinic radiation with a free radical precursor compound, such as ammonium persulfate. The ultrapure water may be further treated by utilizing ion exchange media and degasification apparatus. A control system can be utilized to regulate a continuously variable intensity of the actinic radiation.

Disclosed are ultrapure water production systems, semiconductor processing systems, and semiconductor fabrication methods. An ultrapure water production system may include a front filtering part that filters a fluid and a rear filtering part that filters the fluid released from the front filtering part. The rear filtering part may include a UV irradiator that irradiates a UV ray to the fluid to remove an organic material from the fluid, an ANP that removes hydrogen peroxide from the fluid released from the UV irradiator, a connection line that connects the UV irradiator to the ANP, a hydrogen peroxide detector that is on the connection line and detects a concentration of hydrogen peroxide in the fluid released from the UV irradiator, and a DO detector between the hydrogen peroxide detector and the ANP to measure a concentration of dissolved oxygen in the fluid released from the UV irradiator.

In a system for decomposing organic compounds in water for use in semiconductor manufacturing, a chemical reactor vessel having a fluid inlet and a fluid outlet, a persulfate anion addition system upstream of the reactor vessel, and a light emitting device contained within the reactor vessel. The light emitting device provides light capable of decomposing persulfate anions.

A method of operating a waste water treatment plant (WWTP) having at least one of an aerobic digester (AD) and a membrane bioreactor (MBR) is described. The method of operating AD is comprised of monitoring and controlling AD in real-time using an online extended Kalman filter (EKF) having a online dynamic model of AD. The EKF uses real-time AD measured data, and online dynamic model of AD to update adapted model parameters and estimate model based inferred variables for AD, which are used for AD control by AD control system having supervisory and low-level control layers. The method of operating MBR is similar to that of AD. The supervisory control ensures the WWTP satisfying the effluent quality requirement while minimize the operation cost. A WWTP having at least one of AD or MBR is disclosed. The method of operating a WWTP can be implemented using a computer.

A device installable into a tap to detect the presence of one or more types of contaminants in the tap water. When the tap is operated, a sample chamber fills with the tap water, such that one or more electronic receivers are capable of detecting the presence of contaminants. Preferably, at least one of the one or more electronic receivers is a photometric sensor for detecting absorption of ultraviolet (UV) light in the 250 nm to 300 nm range. A UV254 LED can be activated when water fills the sample chamber, and a measurement circuit calculates Total Organic Carbon (TOC) by correlation with UV254 absorbance. The device can transmit contamination data, including, but not limited to TOC levels, to a remote apparatus for remote monitoring of the tap water.

To provide a method for improving a rejection rate of an RO membrane, which further improves the stability of removal performance (rejection rate) and flux stability (sustainability of contamination resistance). In a method for improving a rejection rate of an RO membrane, including a step of allowing an aqueous solution containing a polyphenol to pass through an RO membrane, the method further includes a step of allowing an aqueous solution containing at least one type selected from the group consisting of a modified poly(vinyl alcohol), a high molecular polysaccharide, and a poly(amino acid) to pass through the RO membrane. The method preferably further includes a step of allowing an aqueous solution containing an organic compound having an amino group and having a molecular weight of 1,000 or less to pass through the RO membrane.