A method and an arrangement for processing sludge into sludge residue having a targeted dry solid concentration is provided. The method comprises a step of distributing (110) provided sludge for continuous transport in a specific form factor; cooling (120) the distributed sludge into a frozen state using a refrigerating medium; thawing (140) the frozen sludge using a first heating medium; drying (150) the thawed sludge to a targeted dry solid concentration, wherein at least one aspect of the method is controlled by a processing parameter, the method further comprising the step of monitoring (160) at least one processing parameter, and adjusting (170) at least one processing parameter with respect to a corresponding reference value based on said at least one sludge characteristic or user input to improve sludge processing.

A hydrogen water generator includes a body, a water tank for receiving and storing water, an electrode module coupled to the water tank for generating hydrogen water in the water tank, a water supply inlet disposed at the body, the water supply inlet including an open surface disposed at a surface of the body so as to open to an outside environment, and a cover plate for opening and closing the open surface of the water supply inlet. The cover plate is movable along a transverse direction parallel to the open surface of the water supply inlet to open and close the open surface of the water supply inlet.

Provided is a wastewater treatment process including: (a) circulating wastewater including biodegradable organic material, between an anaerobic digester (AD) and at least one microbial electrolysis cell (MEC), the MEC including an anode and a cathode; (b) applying voltage on said anode and said cathode; and (c) discharging from said AD biogas with a methane fraction of above 70% v/v. Also provided is a biological wastewater treatment system including wastewater inlet, and (i) an anaerobic digester (AD) comprising biogas outlet, and effluent outlet; and (ii) at least one microbial electrolysis cell (MEC) including an anode and a cathode; said AD and said at least one MEC being in liquid communication through liquid circulation lines configured for at least circulating wastewater between said AD and said at least one MEC.

A water treatment plant controlling method including: determining whether or not there is a correlation, in water to be treated, between a water quality index and a concentration of a pollution component having no causal relationship with the water quality index, from a result of sample analysis of the water to be treated performed periodically; and (a) under a condition that there is a correlation, statistically analyzing a distribution of measurement values of the water quality index in a previous certain period of the water to be treated, and based on a result of the statistical analysis and the correlation, estimating the concentration of the pollution component of the water to be treated; and determining an operating condition of a water treatment plant for treating the water to be treated, based on the estimated concentration of the pollution component of the water to be treated; or (b) on a condition that a correlation is absent, statistically analyzing a distribution of concentration of the pollution component in all past sample analyses of the water to be treated, and based on a result of the statistical analysis, estimating the concentration of the pollution component of the water to be treated.

Provided is a wastewater treatment process including: (a) circulating wastewater including biodegradable organic material, between an anaerobic digester (AD) and at least one microbial electrolysis cell (MEC), the MEC including an anode and a cathode; (b) applying voltage on said anode and said cathode; and (c) discharging from said AD biogas with a methane fraction of above 70% v/v.

Also provided is a biological wastewater treatment system including wastewater inlet, and (i) an anaerobic digester (AD) comprising biogas outlet, and effluent outlet; and (ii) at least one microbial electrolysis cell (MEC) including an anode and a cathode; said AD and said at least one MEC being in liquid communication through liquid circulation lines configured for at least circulating wastewater between said AD and said at least one MEC.

A method and an arrangement for processing sludge into sludge residue having a targeted dry solid concentration is provided. The method comprises a step of distributing (110) provided sludge for continuous transport in a specific form factor; cooling (120) the distributed sludge into a frozen state using a refrigerating medium; thawing (140) the frozen sludge using a first heating medium; drying (150) the thawed sludge to a targeted dry solid concentration, wherein at least one aspect of the method is controlled by a processing parameter, the method further comprising the step of monitoring (160) at least one processing parameter, and adjusting (170) at least one processing parameter with respect to a corresponding reference value based on said at least one sludge characteristic or user input to improve sludge processing.

An electrochemical cell including a first chamber having an anode, a second chamber having a cathode, at least one ionic connection between the first chamber and the second chamber, such that liquid electrolyte from the first chamber is prevented from mixing with liquid electrolyte in the second chamber is provided. The first chamber and the second chamber can be arranged in parallel and positioned remotely from each other. An electrochemical system including the electrochemical cell, and first and second sources of saline aqueous solutions is also provided. Water treatment systems are also provided. A method of operating an electrochemical cell including introducing first and second saline aqueous solutions into first and second chambers of the electrochemical cell, and applying a current across the anode and the cathode to generate first and second products, respectively is also provided. A method of facilitating operation of an electrochemical cell is also provided.

The present disclosure relates to systems and methods to generate and supply hydrogen-rich water by activating hydrogen particles while water passes through a high-intensity rotating magnetic field. The hydrogen-rich water generated by the systems and/or methods described herein promotes crop growth without the use of pesticides and can increase yield. The hydrogen-rich water generated by the systems and/or methods described herein is suitable for use in agriculture, including the use with open field crops and house crops, and in smart farms.

A method of operating an electrochemical cell including introducing an aqueous solution into the electrochemical cell, applying a current across an anode and a cathode to produce a product, monitoring the voltage, dissolved hydrogen, or a condition of the aqueous solution, and applying the current in a pulsed waveform responsive to one of the measured parameters is disclosed. An electrochemical system including an electrochemical cell including an anode and a cathode, a source of an aqueous solution having an outlet fluidly connectable to the electrochemical cell, a sensor for measuring a parameter, and a controller configured to cause the anode and the cathode to apply the current in a pulsed waveform responsive to the parameter measurement is disclosed. Methods of suppressing accumulation of hydrogen gas within the electrochemical cell are also disclosed. Methods of facilitating operation of an electrochemical cell are also disclosed.

A water electrolysis device for generating hydrogen gas includes a case, a power supplying unit, and an ion-exchange membrane electrolyzer. The case has a containing space including a bottom space and a top space. The bottom space is larger than the top space. The power supplying unit is configured in the bottom space for supplying power to operate the water electrolysis device. The ion-exchange membrane electrolyzer includes an ion-exchange membrane and a cathode, and the cathode generates hydrogen gas during which the ion-exchange membrane electrolyzer electrolyzes water.