Low strength wastewater such as municipal sewage is treated using an anaerobic digester. In some examples, a wastewater stream is separated into a solids rich portion and a solids lean portion. The solids lean portion is treated, for example to remove nitrogen. The solids rich portion is treated in an anaerobic digester, preferably with influent or recuperative thickening. In another example, the wastewater stream is fed to an anaerobic digester and solid-liquid separation stages downstream of the digester return active bacteria and undigested organics to the digester. Both cases may use a process train comprising treatment in an anoxic tank followed by a nitritation tank with a portion of the effluent from the nitritation tank recirculated to the anoxic tank to provide nitritation and denitritation.

A filter for a liquid purifier may include a filter housing having an inlet and an outlet; and a filter module provided in the filter housing, and configured to purify liquid introduced through the inlet, and to supply the purified liquid to the outlet. The filter module may include an electrostatic adsorption nonwoven fabric having a hollow portion. The filter module may be configured to receive the liquid introduced through the inlet is to pass through the electrostatic adsorption nonwoven fabric and then is to discharge out of the outlet of the filter housing.

Compositions and methods and systems for treating wastewater within a wastewater treatment system of described. In an embodiment, a method for treating wastewater may include adding a magnesium compound to wastewater within a wastewater treatment system. The method may also include adding an effective amount of a dispersing agent and one or more of a free magnesium control agent and a seed material to wastewater within the wastewater treatment system to control the formation of struvite scale within the wastewater treatment system. Other compositions and methods are described.

A method for waste material treatment that results in a more stable, entombed treated waste product. A reactive treatment formulation can be dispensed with a waste material deposit into a self-contained non-contact agitating toilet to form a stabilized viscous mass. The reactive treatment formulation mixed with the waste material deposit prevents odors, bacterial growth, and stabilizes the waste material into a treated waste product to reduce spillage during disposal.

Animal and poultry solid waste material are treated with a preferred lactobacillus organism, preferably plant derived, in a liquid medium, preferably non-chlorinated water for time sufficient to reduce odor a significant amount.

The use of ferric sulphate or polyferric sulphate to treat liquid animal effluent to reduce methane emissions therefrom.

A method of sanitising a body of water including the steps of adding sodium chlorite and/or sodium chlorate to the body of water and converting the sodium chlorite and/or sodium chlorate to chlorine dioxide in an electrolysis cell which is in fluid communication with a water circulation system of the body of water, wherein chlorine is also added to the body of water.

The present invention provides advanced livestock wastewater treatment systems, devices and methods for simultaneous removal of nitrate (nitrite) from treated wastewater at cathode chamber and of organics, suspended solids and malodor (caused by volatile fatty acids) from raw wastewater at anode chamber using anaerobic bioelectrochemical system (BES). The present invention provides a device comprising at least one anode chamber equipped inside with at least one anode, and at least one cathode chamber equipped inside with at least one cathode, wherein the anode chamber is attached to the cathode chamber via separator in order to transport anions or cations between the anode chamber and the cathode chamber.

The present invention relates to an adsorption filter including activated carbon and a fibrillated fibrous binder, in which the activated carbon has a 0% particle diameter (D0) of 10 μm or more in a volume-based cumulative particle-size distribution and has a 50% particle diameter (D50) of 90 to 200 μm in the volume-based cumulative particle-size distribution; the fibrillated fibrous binder has a CSF value of 10 to 150 mL; and the adsorption filter includes 4 to 8 parts by mass of the fibrillated fibrous binder relative to 100 parts by mass of the activated carbon.

A filter is treated with a reduced amount of a halo active aromatic sulfanomide compound of Formula (I):

##STR00001##

wherein R.sub.1, R.sub.2, R.sub.3, R.sub.4, and R.sub.5 are independently selected from hydrogen, COOR′, CON(R″).sub.2, alkoxy, CN, NO.sub.2, SO.sub.3R″, halogen, substituted or unsubstituted phenyl, sulfonamide, halosulfonamide, and substituted or unsubstituted C.sub.1-C.sub.12 alkyl; R′ is hydrogen, an alkali metal, an alkaline earth metal, substituted C.sub.1-C.sub.12 alkyl, or unsubstituted C.sub.1-C.sub.12 alkyl; and R″ is hydrogen or substituted or unsubstituted C.sub.1-C.sub.12 alkyl, where the two R″ groups in CON(R″).sub.2 may be independently selected; X is halogen; M is an alkali or alkaline earth metal; and n is the number of water molecules per molecule of the sulfonamide compound. The compound effectively suppresses odors pre-use, in use, and post-use for extended periods of time.