A reverse osmosis system includes a membrane unit, an energy recovery device, high and low pressure inlet lines, and a concentrate line. The membrane unit has a membrane, an inlet for receiving a feed fluid, a permeate outlet for discharging a permeate fluid and a concentrate outlet for discharging a concentrate fluid. The energy recovering device has a turbine portion, a turbine inlet and a turbine outlet, a pump portion, a pump inlet and a pump outlet, a motor, and a motor control unit for controlling the motor. The low pressure inlet line is connected to the pump inlet for supplying the feed fluid at a low pressure. The high pressure inlet line connects the pump outlet with the inlet for supplying the feed fluid at a high pressure. The concentrate line connects the concentrate outlet with the turbine inlet for supplying the concentrate fluid to the turbine portion.

A Biorefinery System (BIOSYS) that effectively treats all human activity-derived waste (black water, grey water, and food waste streams) using biological systems and that produces as process by-products: recovered potable water, liberated free oxygen, edible protein cake (with and without lipids), soil amendments, and machinery lube oils. Additionally, the system captures and chemically binds carbon dioxide into microbial cells and associated by-products, thus producing recovered usable returned cabin air.

A multi-stage flash reversal unit includes a housing; plural stages located inside the housing; an evaporation port that receives a water feed having a first temperature; a condensation port that outputs a concentrated water feed having a second temperature, which is lower than the first temperature; and a cooling unit that cools down the concentrated water feed.

Method and apparatus for batch and semi-batch operation of membrane system using a sweep stream with essentially repeating process flows is disclosed. The method and apparatus are used for separating a source liquid into its constituent solvents and solutes. The method includes circulating a feed stream and sweep stream in a feed side circulation loop and a sweep side circulation loop, respectively, in a counter-current, or co-current or cross-flow configuration. The pressure in the feed loop is gradually increased to initiate flow of solvent from the feed loop to the sweep loop. The concentrate and diluate streams obtained may be continuously removed. The applied feed loop pressure is continually increased until maximum desired operating pressure is reached or maximum concentration of a solute is reached in the feed solution. The method extends the maximum achievable salt concentration of RO process to at least about 300 g/L NaCl.

This invention relates to various membrane-based processes and their combinations, such as Forward Osmosis (FO), Reverse 5 Osmosis (RO), Nanofiltration (NF), Ultrafiltration (UF), Membrane Bioreactor (MBR), Osmotic Distillation (OD) and Membrane Distillation (MD), for various application of dilution, concentration, dewatering, separation, purification, fractionation or extraction applications of different solvents including 10 various sources of water, wastewater, active pharmaceutical ingredients (APIs), food and beverage sources, dairy products etc. It is also applicable to all the industrial and domestic applications that involves recovering or water reclamation from inlet sources.

A device for enabling controlled movement of ions between a first ion-containing fluid and second ion-containing fluid comprises at least one cationic exchange membrane positioned between the first and second ion-containing fluids, and at least one anionic exchange membrane in parallel with the at least one cationic exchange membrane positioned between the first and second ion-containing fluids. The one or more of the at least one cationic exchange membrane and the at least one anionic exchange membrane is a membrane electrode assembly comprising an ion exchange membrane, and one or more permeable electrodes embedded within the ionic exchange membrane. The number of cationic exchange membranes and the number of anionic exchange membranes is the same, and the ions move through the membrane electrode assembly in response to a variable capacitive charge.

The disclosure discloses a system for treating high-salt high-organic wastewater and recovering energy, the system includes a cold wall-type reactor (6), a multi-level cyclone separator (16, 19, and 25), a waste liquid feeding system, an oxidant feeding system and a fuel feeding system; The cold wall-type reactor designed by the disclosure is formed by inner and outer double-housing structures, a cooling medium is fed into a gap between the inner housing and the outer housing of the reactor, the fluid on an inner wall surface of the inner housing of the reactor is cooled below a supercritical temperature of the water by using countercurrent heat exchange, blockage of the inorganic salts is effectively prevented. The disclosure is capable of realizing gradient utilization of the reaction heat of the high-salt high-organic wastewater supercritical water oxidation system, and improving a system energy recovery utilization ratio in the greatest degree.

A method and an apparatus for producing and providing sterile water comprising an inlet for process water; a recuperator for preheating process water and for cooling down the sterile water; a heating circuit comprising a pump, a heater for heating preheated process water and a heat retention section for keeping heated process water hot; a temperature sensor for measuring a current temperature of the sterile water leaving the heat retention section; a flow control valve located downstream of the temperature sensor; and a bypass between the flow control valve and the heater. The flow control valve keeps a volume flow in the heating circuit constant, the recuperator cools down the sterile water of a first partial volume flow, when such a first partial volume flow of sterile water is taken from the heating circuit, the bypass returns into the heating circuit a second partial volume flow of sterile water.

A system and method for seawater desalination based on solar energy. In the system, the second reaction tank is connected with the first reaction tank via a cation-selective nano-film and includes the same volume and concentration of seawater as the first reaction tank. The pump is connected the second reaction tank with the third reaction tank to pump the seawater solution after the removal of cationic salts from the second tank into the third tank. The fourth reaction tank is connected to the third reaction tank via a anion-selective nano-film. The third and fourth reaction tanks are connected through a second external channel and include the same volume and concentration of seawater, and the second external channel is provided with a third valve to control the flow of liquid. The fourth reaction tank is provided with a liquid output channel.

A new apparatus, system and method to purified produced water and removed valuable metals and minerals is described. The apparatus comprises a device for flowing produced water wellbore from a wellbore to the produced water purification apparatus; at least one device to remove heavy metals from the produced water; at least one brine removal device to remove brine from the produced water. The method comprises steps to use the apparatus and the system comprises a control panel that operates the at least one device for removing heavy metals and at least one sensor in a coordinated manner.