A system for condensing vapor product is provided. The system includes a first duct configured to receive a vapor product having a first humidity level, the first duct having a first charge in response to application of a first voltage to the first duct so as to ionize the vapor product. A second duct is configured to allow the ionized vapor product to pass therethrough and configured with a second charge in response to application of a second volt age to thereby allow collection of at least a portion of liquid particles present in the ionized vapor product and form a first modified vapor product. A chamber is configured to receive the first modified vapor product and includes at least one cooling plate configured to reduce a temperature of the first modified vapor product, and at least one first mesh plate configured to collect at least a portion of liquid particles. Methods for condensing vapor are also provided.

A water purification and recovery system and method are provided for treating unprocessed water to produce purified water suitable for any of several uses. The system and method include energy reduction and integration features which enhance cooperation between a sludge recovery module and water purification module. The modules of the system perform sequential separation of solid and dissolved contaminants and impurities, respectively, from the unprocessed water. The sludge recovery module includes two or more induction heaters which are operated at least in part by electricity produced using steam formed in the sludge recovery module by the induction heaters. Purified water and, optionally, one or more concentrated non-aqueous products are produced from the water purification module.

The Cryo-Thermo Desalinator (CTD) is a fire and ice approach to potability and water reuse using liquid natural gas (LNG) for systemic fuel and cooling. The upstream key heat exchanger (HX) uses LNG to differentiate raw water into pretreated ice melt and cryo-brine blowdown. Ice melt-diluted raw water is primarily sent to the mid-stream key HX condenser where it and LNG tube bundles collapse water vapor into potable water. The downstream key HX uses LNG to separate cryo-brine and thermo-brine into heavy brine and skimmed saline ice which is reinjected into pretreated raw water for maximum corrosion and scaling dilution and extra potability. Heavy brine discharge is more easily dewatered for mining salts, mineral and elements. Pressurized LNG, becoming high pressure natural gas, adds desirable latent heat of vaporization to downstream gas users, including the integrated CCGT/HRSG and is roughly-proportional to thirsty residential/industrial gas users which the CTD serves.

The present invention relates to a desalination and/or purification device, a desalination and/or purification carbon membrane, and a method of desalinating and/or purifying a liquid by using such a desalination and/or purification device. In various illustrative embodiments, a desalination and/or purification device is provided, the desalination and/or purification device comprising a carbon membrane body comprising a carbon surface, and a structure of microchannels and/or nanochannels at least partially permeating the carbon membrane body and ending at openings at the carbon surface, a liquid transportation structure extending at least partially through the carbon membrane body without being exposed at the carbon surface, and a condenser arranged above the carbon membrane body. The liquid transportation structure is arranged and configured to supply the structure of microchannels and/or nanochannels of the carbon membrane body with a liquid to be desalinated and/or purified and the structure of microchannels and/or nanochannels of the carbon membrane body may be an at least two-level disordered network of channels.

A system and method for improving the water quality of a dehydration tower in a purified terephthalic acid device includes a dehydration washing device, a tail gas condensation device communicating with the top of the dehydration washing device, and a water separation device communicating with the tail gas condensation device. The system reduces energy consumption. The tail gas condensation device uses low-pressure vapor of about 0.05 MPa generated by an N.sub.m-th-stage condenser as a heating medium. Working media are water and the low-pressure vapor, and no organic phase is involved in a process, and a reaction is stable and intrinsically safe. The water in the water separation tower is purified water and concentrated water, the purified water is returned to the top of the dehydration tower, and the concentrated water is mixed with a mother liquor and then enters the dehydration tower.

Disclosed are a heat exchanger capable of cooling a coolant and a sewage treatment plant comprising same. An aspect of the present embodiment provides a sewage treatment plant which cools a coolant for dissipating heat of each component inside a data center, the sewage treatment plant comprising at least one removal means, for receiving sewage and removing organic material and pollutants in the sewage, and a cooling pipe, through which a coolant which has dissipated the heat of each component inside the data center flows, disposed inside the removal means so as to induce heat exchange between the treated water, from which organic material and pollutants of the sewage have been removed, and the coolant flowing through the cooling pipe, thereby lowering the temperature of the latter.

A surface water mitigation structure suitable for use in the storage and treatment of contaminated surface water runoff. The runoff is processed through a multi-layered filtration and treatment system wherein the first layer is one or more permeable layers that is pervious enough to allow liquid runoff to pass through it and into a porous storage medium second layer that includes one or more remediating agents, and wherein the effluent from the surface water mitigation structure can be discharged to the ground, the surface, and/or a drainage system reduced or free of contaminants.

A mechanical vapor recompression (MVR) liquid purification system, in particular an MVR water desalination system, comprising a pressure-tight enclosure (2) provided with a first end (4) and a second end (6), having an essentially circular cylindrical elongated shape along a longitudinal axis A, and numerous evaporation compartments E1-E3, arranged within said enclosure (2) along the longitudinal axis A. Each evaporation compartment is provided with a plurality of longitudinal pipes (10) running from one sidewall (8) to the other sidewall (8), and that the circular sidewalls are provided with openings for said plurality of pipes. The system further comprises a central tube (12) running along the longitudinal axis A of the enclosure (2) through the centers of said evaporation compartments E1-E3, and configured to allow steam to flow from the second end to the first end of the enclosure. The number of pipes (10) is preferably highest in the first evaporation compartment E1, then gradually fewer in the second E2 and third E3. The pipes are configured to allow steam to flow from the first end (4) to the second end (6) of the enclosure (2).

A turbine assembly (14) is arranged in relation to said first end (4) of the enclosure (2) and at least partly within said central tube (12), comprising a turbine provided with turbine vane members (16) structured to provide steam flow in an axial direction, i.e. along the longitudinal axis, within said central tube (12) from said second end (6) to said first end (4) of the enclosure (2). The turbine assembly (14) comprises a motor (20) for rotating said turbine at a variable rotational speed.

A hybrid process and system for separating water from an inlet brine solution is disclosed. The hybrid process couples at least two different separation processes/systems. The inlet brine solution is fed into a first separation process, which produces a water distillate and a brine concentrate. The brine concentrate from the first separation process is then fed into the second separation process to further recover additional water. The excess heat from the second separation process is supplied to the first separation process.

A method comprises placing in a vessel a mixture having a specified suspended solids or sludge concentration and comprising a water-based reaction medium and at least one microalgae including filamentous cyanobacteria, said water-based reaction medium comprising a nutrient material that is consumable by a live bacterium or by a live protozoan present in said water-based reaction medium, and incubating said mixture for a specified incubation period under at least intermittent illumination with a specified luminous flux during periods of illumination while mixing said mixture under a specified shear stress, wherein said filamentous cyanobacteria forms a supporting matrix that incorporates said live bacterium or said live protozoan into a biologically-active bioaggregate granule, wherein said incubating produces a plurality of said biologically-active bioaggregate granules.