A method and apparatus for the separation of gas and liquid-solid slurry under pressure, and passage of the liquid-solid slurry to an atmospheric discharge.

An automated produced water treatment system that injects ozone or an ozone-oxygen mixture upstream of produced water separators, with the dose rate changing dynamically as the produced water quality changes, as determined by continuous monitoring of the produced water quality by a plurality of sensors that detect water quality parameters in real time. The system may operate as a “slipstream” injection system, that draws a portion of produced water from the produced water pipeline and injects ozone or an ozone-oxygen mixture back into the pipeline with disrupting or slowing normal operations. Disinfectants or other additives may also be injected. The treatment system may be wholly or partially contained in mobile containers or trailers, for on-the-fly use in existing produced water treatment facilities. Ozone and/or nitrogen micro-bubbles and/or nano-bubbles may be introduced for friction reduction in oil and gas operations.

A process for enhanced anaerobic digestion of sludge by alcoholization of food waste, comprising steps of: (1) ethanol prefermentation of food waste—feeding the food waste having been crushed into a uniform grain size into an ethanol production reactor, where the food waste is subjected to rapid and efficient anaerobic fermentation activated by addition of yeast and pH adjustment to produce ethanol and obtain a fermentation broth and a fermentation residue; (2) sludge pretreatment—pretreating the sludge after mixing with the fermentation residue; and (3) methanogenesis of anaerobic digestion—subjecting products resulting from the sludge pretreatment to be mixed with the fermentation broth and then to methanogenesis of anaerobic digestion in a methane production reactor. With this process, the sludge and the food waste can be treated efficiently via multi-phase reactions, and the resource recovery and biogas quality can be enhanced.

A mineral recovery system for use in a mining operation is described. The mineral recovery system a thickener includes a process water input, an underflow output having an underflow controller configured to adjust outflow of thickened slurry from the thickener, an overflow output configured to dispense clarified water from the thickener; and a flocculant input and a flocculant dilution input, a thickener controller configured to control an operation of the thickener; and a processor executing a mining operations generated model to issue commands to the thickener controller, based on inputs of sensed conditions, wherein the mining operations model incorporates a thickener sub-model and a material sub-model, wherein the mining operations model is employed to predict a future state of a thickener based on inputs of sensed conditions in the thickener and predictions made by the thickener sub-model and the material sub-model in real time.

A built-in micro-interface papermaking wastewater treatment system and a treatment method are provided in the present invention. The treatment system includes a papermaking wastewater tank, a grid cleaner, an adjustment tank, a centrifugal filter and a sedimentation tank which are connected in sequence, and further includes a heat exchanger, a preheater, a wet oxidation reactor, a gas-liquid separator and a biodegradation tank. A micro-interface unit for dispersing and crushing gas into gas bubbles is disposed inside the wet oxidation reactor. The micro-interface unit includes a pneumatic micro-interface generator, a gas inlet is disposed at a side wall of the wet oxidation reactor, and the gas inlet extends to an interior of the pneumatic micro-interface generator through a pipeline. By arranging the micro-interface unit inside the wet oxidation reactor of the treatment system, the consumption of air or oxygen can be reduced, which realizes low energy consumption and high treatment efficiency.

A water processing system is provided for processing or conditioning water to be distributed to a downstream function or system. The system includes a water processor with a conditioning element disposed inside a housing between an inlet and outlet of the housing. The conditioning element includes a series of plates having apertures with sharp edges to direct the flow of water and facilitate splitting of small gas bubbles into even smaller nano-bubbles. The plates may have different configurations of apertures. Optionally, a mixer injector introduces a gas, in the form of gas bubbles, into the water flow upstream of the water processor. The injector introduces additional gas volume in the form of relatively large bubbles, which are subsequently split into smaller bubbles (including nano-bubbles) in the water processor.

A built-in micro-interface papermaking wastewater treatment system and a treatment method are provided in the present invention. The treatment system includes a papermaking wastewater tank, a grid cleaner, an adjustment tank, a centrifugal filter and a sedimentation tank which are connected in sequence, and further includes a heat exchanger, a preheater, a wet oxidation reactor, a gas-liquid separator and a biodegradation tank. A micro-interface unit for dispersing and crushing gas into gas bubbles is disposed inside the wet oxidation reactor. The micro-interface unit includes a pneumatic micro-interface generator, a gas inlet is disposed at a side wall of the wet oxidation reactor, and the gas inlet extends to an interior of the pneumatic micro-interface generator through a pipeline. By arranging the micro-interface unit inside the wet oxidation reactor of the treatment system, the consumption of air or oxygen can be reduced, which realizes low energy consumption and high treatment efficiency.

A waste burning toilet may operate on power generated from burning waste deposited in the toilet without connection to external electricity, a sewer, or water supply. A dryer connected to the toiled dries the waste prior to burning. The waste may be burnt in a firebox that is connected to the dryer. Heat from the firebox may be used to generate electricity that can power the components of the toilet system. The waste may be reduced to sterile ash.

A flocculant for treating a processing waste liquid into fresh water being formed by pulverizing an ion exchange resin for purification of fresh water into pure water to a size of 100 μm or below. With the ion exchange resin pulverized and used as a flocculant, it is ensured that even when the processing waste liquid is subjected to flocculation and separation, the fresh water separated from the processing debris does not show an increased electric conductivity, and worsening of water quality can be restrained. In addition, since the flocculant is pulverized down to a size of 100 μm or below, flocculation of the processing debris is promoted.

Provided is an UFB generating apparatus and an UFB generating method capable of efficiently generating an UFB-containing liquid with high purity. To this end, the ultrafine bubble generating apparatus includes a pre-processing unit that performs predetermined pre-processing on a liquid W and a generating unit that generates ultrafine bubbles in the liquid on which the pre-processing is performed. The generating unit generates the ultrafine bubbles by causing a heating element, which is provided in the liquid on which the pre-processing is performed, to generate heat to generate film boiling on an interface between the liquid and the heating element.