A method to decontaminant surfaces including the surface of food and aqueous solutions is provided.

The present application discloses a process for removing a substantial amount of phenolic compounds in waste water as solid substances. The present application also discloses an oxidation system for removing a substantial amount of phenolic compounds in waste water by the process of photocatalytic induced polymerization. The oxidation system includes a chemical dosing tank for adding a catalyst into the waste water; an ultraviolet (UV) reactor communicatively coupled to the chemical dosing tank for oxidizing the phenolic compounds into insoluble sediments; and a sedimentation tank communicatively coupled to the ultraviolet (UV) reactor for removing the insoluble sediments from the wastewater. The present application also discloses a process flow for removing the phenolic compounds in wastewater with the said system.

A photocatalytic assembly (100) includes a substrate (110) and a photocatalytic unit (120) laminated on the substrate (110). The photocatalytic unit (120) includes a laminated titanium dioxide layer (122) and a metal layer (124). The titanium dioxide layer (122) has a thickness of 10 nm to 100 nm. The metal layer (124) is formed by stacking metal nanoparticles. The metal nanoparticle is made of at least one selected from the group consisting of rhodium, palladium, platinum, gold, silver, and aluminum.

A method and apparatus for producing hydroxyl radicals in a fluid chamber in an electrochemical cell comprising at least one cathode, at least one anode and at least one source of photolyzing radiation. The method comprises causing an electrochemical cell to produce hydrogen peroxide in the fluid, and causing at least one photolyzing radiation source, such as UV-LED, to photolyze the hydrogen peroxide to produce hydroxyl radicals. The fluid treatment apparatus includes: a structure defining a fluid chamber; at least one cathode facing into the fluid chamber; at least one anode facing into the fluid chamber; and a photolyzing radiation source operable to emit photolyzing radiation into at least one electrochemical cell portion of the fluid chamber, which is suitable for producing hydrogen peroxide.

A method and a system for producing a change in a medium. The method places in a vicinity of the medium at least one energy modulation agent. The method applies an initiation energy to the medium. The initiation energy interacts with the energy modulation agent to directly or indirectly produce the change in the medium. The system includes an initiation energy source configured to apply an initiation energy to the medium to activate the energy modulation agent.

It discloses a system for controlling heavy metals and a method for preventing and controlling heavy metals using the same. The system includes a constructed wetland (3), in which several layers of fillers are laid, so that water is allowed to flow through each layer of the filler to remove heavy metals. Preferably, a sandwich wall is constructed around the constructed wetland (3), and organic matters (12) which generating heat through fermentation is filled in the sandwich wall to supply heat to the constructed wetland (3) in winter. The sandwich wall is easy to build and the fermentation materials are cheap and easily available, thereby the present method is able to effectively solve the difficulties occurred in the operation of constructed wetland in winter.

A sterilizing module includes a main body and a light source. The main body includes an inner surface, an outer surface and an internal space to treat a target substance in a fluid and connected an inlet and a outlet. The light source is configured to emit light toward the internal space to sterilize the target substance in the fluid. The light source includes a substrate and a plurality of light emitting structures disposed on the substrate. The plurality of light emitting structures is disposed to be spaced apart each other. A first distance between two light emitting structures is adjacent to each other varies depending on a second distance from each light emitting structure to the inner surface of the main body. The second distance has a maximum value and a minimum value of illuminance and a difference between the maximum and the minimum value thereof is about more than 75%.

A wastewater to chemical fuel conversion device is provided that includes a housing having a first chamber and a second chamber, where the first chamber includes a bio-photoanode, where the second chamber includes a photocathode, where a backside of the bio-photoanode abuts a first side of a planatized fluorine doped tin oxide (FTO) glass, where a backside of the photocathode abuts a second side of the FTO glass, where a proton exchange membrane separates the first chamber from the second chamber, where the first chamber includes a wastewater input and a reclaimed water output, where the second chamber includes a solar light input and a H.sub.2 gas output, where the solar light input is disposed for solar light illumination of the first chamber and the second chamber.

The present invention provides an In—NH.sub.2/g-C.sub.3N.sub.4 nanocomposites with visible-light photocatalytic activity and application thereof, which can effectively remove organic pollutants (such as tetracycline) in water. First, the graphite phase carbonitride carbon (g-C.sub.3N.sub.4) was obtained by thermal condensation, and g-C.sub.3N.sub.4 nanosheet was prepared by thermal oxidative etching. Then, acicular MIL-68(In)—NH.sub.2 (In—NH.sub.2) was grown in situ on the surface of g-C.sub.3N.sub.4 nanosheet by solvothermal method. The In—NH.sub.2/g-C.sub.3N.sub.4 nanocomposites with high visible-light photocatalytic activity were obtained. The CNNS firstly was prepared in the present invention, which is beneficial to the needle-like In—NH.sub.2 growing on the surface of CNNS and having close interfacial contact with each other, forming a heterojunction, promoting the separation of photogenerated electrons and holes pairs, and enhancing visible-light photocatalytic degradation of organic pollutants. The nanocomposites show high structural stability and reusability, which has great potential in the field of water remediation.

The invention provides systems and methods for degrading compounds containing at least one carbon-halogen, carbon-nitrogen, or carbon-oxygen covalent bond, which covalent bond is a single bond, by electrocatalysis using a water oxidation electrocatalyst in a predominantly aqueous electrolyte. In some embodiments, the compounds are perfluoroalkyl and polyfluoroalkyl substances, or PFAS.