Use of Keplerate type polyoxomolybdates of the general structure Mo.sub.72M.sub.30, wherein M is selected from the group consisting of Fe, Cr, V or Mo.sub.2, for decontaminating aqueous media (water) from inorganic and organic pollutants.

Present invention is related to a high performance photothermal conversion materials, membrane, layer structure and applications thereof. The said materials comprise an UV and infrared absorbed material and a visible light absorbed material with at least one of or both of these materials has photothermal conversion ability. These materials could be further produced as a porous membrane or foam layer with a plastic material. Further by layered with another hydrophilic fiber layer, a porous layer structure could be obtained by the present invention with high performance photothermal conversion, uni-direction water transportation and photocatalytic abilities. The present invention could absorb a wide range of light source (UV-to-vis-to-NIP) and convert to another energy like heat solving the insufficiency of conventional photothermal conversion material.

The disclosure provides a photodegradant for carbamazepine, a method and an apparatus for degrading carbamazepine, and relates to the technical filed of degradation of organic pollutants. The photodegradant provided by the disclosure includes a composite solution of a persulfate and a sulfite. In the disclosure, ultraviolet (UV), the persulfate (PS) and the sulfite (S(IV)) are combined to degrade carbamazepine, during which hydrogen sulfate (HSO.sub.3.sup.−) generated by the hydrolysis of sulfite in water participates in the reaction to produce a large amount of SO.sub.4.sup.⋅− and HO⋅, thus improving the degradation rate and degradation efficiency of carbamazepine. The composite advanced oxidation system, i.e., the ultraviolet/persulfate/sulfite (UV/PS/S(IV)) system, provided by the disclosure has stronger oxidizability than the ultraviolet/persulfate (UV/PS) system and the ultraviolet/sulfite (UV/S(IV)) system, and results in high degradation rate and high degradation efficiency of carbamazepine.

A filter configured to photocatalytically oxidize target compounds in an air stream includes a support structure having an air permeability greater than approximately 155 CFM/ft.sup.2 and a photocatalyst supported by the support medium.

Melamine is calcined to obtain melem; melem, perylene tetracarboxylic dianhydride and a solvent are mixed to obtain a mixture, and the mixture is subjected to a solvothermal reaction in an inert atmosphere to obtain perylene imide; and the perylene imide is dispersed in an aqueous solution containing a bismuth source and a tungsten source, and is subjected to a hydrothermal reaction to obtain a perylene imide/bismuth tungstate composite photocatalytic material. By means of constructing an organic-inorganic composite photocatalytic material, the introduction of the organic photocatalytic material that responds to visible light may enable the composite material to have a wider spectral response range; and the introduction of an inorganic semiconductor catalyst enables the composite material to produce more oxidizing active free radicals, thereby enhancing the photocatalytic degradation performance of the composite material on organic pollutants. The constructed organic-inorganic composite photocatalytic material has an excellent catalytic performance.

Disclosed are a P—N heterojunction composite material supported on the surface of nickel foam, a preparation method therefor and the application thereof. The composite material is a supported catalyst which can be used to remove pollutants in water by means of photoelectrocatalysis. The method comprises firstly modifying, by means of a hydrothermal method, a layered nickel-iron bimetallic hydroxide nanosheet on the surface of clean nickel foam, and then modifying cobalt oxide nanowires on the surface of the layered nickel-iron bimetallic hydroxide nanosheet by means of a mixed solvent-thermal method, so as to obtain a P—N heterojunction catalyst composite material supported on the surface of nickel foam (Ni foam@NiFe-LDH/Co.sub.3O.sub.4). The composite material has a good response to visible light, which can greatly enhance the absorption and utilization of light, and is further beneficial to enhance the performance of the catalyst.

Provided is a purification material capable of highly efficiently removing contaminant components from water. A water purification material has a composition represented by a mixing ratio of zeolite, ferric hydroxide, activated carbon, titanium oxide, and magnesium hydroxide of 6 to 7:1 to 2:0.5 to 1:0.01 to 0.05:0.01 to 0.10 in terms of weight ratio.

A composite nanomaterial of ZnO impregnated by, e.g., a green copper phthalocyanine compound (CuPc) can be an efficient solar light photocatalyst for water remediation. The composite may include hollow shell microspheres and hollow nanospheres of CuPc-ZnO. CuPc may function as a templating and/or structure modifying agent, e.g., for forming hollow microspheres and/or nanospheres of ZnO particles. The composite can photocatalyze the degradation of organic pollutants such as crystal violet (CV) and 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid as well as microbes in water under solar light irradiation. The ZnO—CuPc composite can be stable and recyclable under solar irradiation.

A sterilizing module includes a main body and a light source. The main body includes an inner surface, an outer surface and an internal space to treat a target substance in a fluid and connected an inlet and a outlet. The light source is configured to emit light toward the internal space to sterilize the target substance in the fluid. The light source includes a substrate and a plurality of light emitting structures disposed on the substrate. The plurality of light emitting structures is disposed to be spaced apart each other. A first distance between two light emitting structures is adjacent to each other varies depending on a second distance from each light emitting structure to the inner surface of the main body. The second distance has a maximum value and a minimum value of illuminance and a difference between the maximum and the minimum value thereof is about more than 75%.

In some embodiments, the present disclosure relates to a system for treating an intake fluid comprising a contaminant, the system comprising a strainer configured to receive the intake fluid and separate the intake fluid into a first retentate and a strained filtrate; a filtration unit connected to the strainer through a strained fluid connector, the strained fluid connector configured to facilitate transfer of the strained filtrate from the strainer to the filtration unit, wherein the filtration unit is configured to separate the strained filtrate into a second retentate and a filtration unit filtrate; a fixed film biological filter connected to the filtration unit through a filtrate connector, the filtrate connector configured to facilitate transfer of the filtration unit filtrate from the filtration unit to the fixed film biological filter, wherein the fixed film biological filter is configured to reduce a biological oxygen demand of at least one of the filtration unit filtrate and a contaminant concentrating module permeate to form a permeate; and a CCM connected to a first retentate connector and a second retentate connector, the first retentate connector configured to facilitate transfer of the first retentate from the strainer to the CCM, the second retentate connector configured to facilitate transfer of the second retentate from the filtration unit to the CCM, wherein the CCM is configured to separate each of the first retentate and the second retentate into a third retentate and the contaminant concentrating module permeate.