The present invention provides a method for groundwater remediation using sustained-release persulfate tablets, which is to synthesize the persulfate and cellulose with specific ratio to form a remediated tablet, and the manufacturing process is operated under the specific pressure. In the composition of the tablet, the persulfate is used as an oxidant while the cellulose is used as a coating agent. The compound of the tablet is coated with the cellulose to slow the releasing rate of the compound and improve the releasing time of the persulfate in the water.

A well treatment material for introduction into a subterranean formation is provided. The well treatment material can include a biocide collected onto a sorbent. The biocide can be capable of being desorbed at a generally constant rate over an extended period of time into the subterranean formation. The biocide can be an oxidizing biocide or a non-oxidizing biocide. The sorbent material can include one or more of an absorbent material and an adsorbent material. The biocide can be chlorine dioxide. The sorbent can be one or more of silica gel and graphite.

A system for dispensing water treatment compositions into a pool, spa, or other body of water is disclosed, which system provides a visible cue that the water treatment is properly dispersing and also provides a visible cue when the desired amount of water treatment has been dispensed. The system comprises a dispenser and the water treatment composition contained within the body of the dispenser, which dispenser and which system provides a readily visual cue that when the water treatment dose has been fully, or in some cases mostly or partially dispersed. For example, the dispenser sinks when fully dosed and resurfaces when empty, and in particular embodiments the water treatment generates visible gas bubbles and/or a color stream as the treatment dissolves.

Tablets for treating and disinfecting water, particularly for water of swimming pools and spas comprising a halogenated derivative of isocyanuric acid together with a volatile additive, chemically incompatible with the latter, encapsulated in a microporous or mesoporous material which has a certain pore size, pore volume and a specific surface. The tablets are chemically stable, while maintaining the expected activity of both the halogenated derivative of isocyanuric acid and the additive.

A high salinity water purification system and process, including a forward osmosis system and a reverse osmosis or nanofiltration system. A concentrated brine of a zinc or iron complex combined with a salt or acid draws pure water across the FO membrane from the influent water. The diluted brine is pumped through a vessel holding an anionic adsorption media to remove the zinc or iron complex and the resultant brine is passed through the RO or nanofiltration system to obtain purified water and a concentrated brine stream. The adsorption media is regenerated by a rinse cycle using fresh water or water from the RO system, removing the zinc or iron complex adhered to the media. The resultant brine is stored and mixed with the output of the RO system.

Purification devices and methods remove perfluorinated compounds (PFCs) from PFC-contaminated water using temperature swing adsorption and desorption.

The present invention relates to a salt recovery solution and to a process for separating a salt from an aqueous solution. The present disclosure also relates to a salt recovery solution and to its use to concentrate a salt or brine solution by recovering water therefrom. The salt recovery solution suitable for recovering a salt from an aqueous solution comprises at least one tertiary amine containing compound; and at least one enolisable carbonyl.

The present invention provides calcium hypochlorite compositions that dissolve in approximately one week, while displaying both favorable reactivity properties and dissolution characteristics for recreation water treatment. The present invention benefits from the discovery that the dissolution profile of calcium hypochlorite compositions can be altered by providing compositions within a critical density range, for example when provided in the form of a tablet.

Methods and systems are provided for removing calcite deposits by contacting polysuccinimide with water to dissolve the polysuccinimide and supplying the dissolved polysuccinimide to surfaces fouled with the calcite deposits. The pH of the water that dissolves the polysuccinimide can be adjusted based on the amount of calcium in the water. Adjusting the pH will affect the dissolution rate of the polysuccinimide in water and the rate of removal of the calcite deposits.

Multilayered electrolyte compositions and methods for their manufacture and use are described. The compositions can have an inner core and one or more coating layers. The compositions can contain at least one chlorine source and at least one citrate salt. The compositions are useful for treating water to improve safety, among other things.