In general, the present disclosure is directed to a method of pretreating raw surface water, including dosing carbon dioxide into a volume of the raw surface water, feeding one or more coagulants into the volume of the raw surface water; and decreasing the turbidity of the raw surface water by further dissolving at least the coagulant from said feeding.

In a method for the hydrolysis of liquid, organic substrates (1), the substrate to be hydrolysed is introduced into a circulation loop for heating, where an equal amount of hydrolysed substrate (1) is displaced from the circulation loop (6, 7, 8, 9). An appropriate system can have a circulation loop, a feed device, a circulation pump for generating a circulation flow in the circulation loop, and a heater for heating and reheating the circulation flow.

The present invention relates to an anaerobic reactor for the treatment of industrial and other wastewaters at psychrophilic temperatures, the reactor comprising a mixing chamber in which is located, during use, a granular sludge fluidised bed, the reactor further comprising a biofilm chamber fed from the mixing chamber and housing a biofilm colonised pumice-based carrier material, and a separation chamber in fluid communication with the biofilm chamber and in which treated effluent and biogas produced within the reactor are separated.

A time-release composition and method of making and using the time-release composition. The time-release composition may include an active ingredient that is useful in deterring unwanted growth, such as bacterial and fungal growth, in high-flow water environments. The composition can include several active ingredients to provide a multiple use tablet. The multi-use tablet can be used to dispense any combination of active ingredients that act as clarifiers, minerals, medications, buffers, chemical dosing, and/or other maintenance components, such as growth deterrents and water filtration augmentation and any combination thereof.

A water treatment device for altering the chemical and physical properties of water for use in existing plumbing and/or piping systems wherein the treatment device may be customized for intended use and for treatment of the water profile in the geographical area of installation.

One aspect of the present invention relates to a waste liquid treatment composition for treating a waste liquid containing a body fluid to separate the waste liquid into a supernatant and an aggregate in a container. The waste liquid treatment composition comprises: a solid flocculant having at least one group selected from the group consisting of an OH group, an NH group, and an FH group; and a solid compound having at least one group selected from the group consisting of an OH group, an NH group, and an FH group.

A composition for treating a water system or membrane fluid system, such as a reverse osmosis system, to remove scale, microorganisms and biofilm, and corrosion by-products. The composition comprises chelating agents and a surfactant. The composition may be a solid dissolved by water or solvent in the system being treated or may be a pre-mixed foam or aerosol. A method for using such a treatment composition comprises contacting the treatment composition with substantially all parts of the water system and draining the treatment composition from the system before resuming normal operations. For certain systems, the method also comprises draining some existing water in the water system to remove prior treatment compositions and filling or rinsing the system with fresh water prior to adding the treatment composition.

A sub-aqueous capping material comprising a plurality of compacted particles of a reactive solid material having a dispersion aid homogeneously blended therein, the compacted particles having a specific gravity greater than 1.0, a particle size in the range of about 1/16 inch to about 1 inch, and having a time for disintegration, once in contact with water, of 5 hours or less.

Cyanobacteria growth in a thermally stratified body of water for treatment is controlled by dispersing a granular sodium carbonate peroxyhydrate in the benthic layer early in the growing season.

The highway sponge-type composite side ditch carbon neutralization system of the present invention includes three units, i.e., a silt pre-sedimentation channel, a filtering and oil-absorbing channel and an ecologic purification channel which are connected horizontally and successively. These three units work together to jointly complete the low-impact development functions of runoff collection, guide and drainage, purification and utilization, carbon emission is reduced by adopting various technical measures, the carbon sink effect is improved, and the full-life-cycle carbon neutralization effect from raw material production, construction to operation can be realized.