The present disclosure provides a cup lid and a self-producing water cup. The cup lid includes: a housing, a condensing mechanism, and a heat dissipation mechanism. The housing defines a housing space, an air inlet, an air outlet, and a water outlet. The air inlet, the air outlet, and the water outlet are connected to an outside. The air inlet, the air outlet, and the water outlet are connected to the housing space. The condensing mechanism is housed in the housing and connected to the air inlet. The condensing mechanism is configured to condense air flowing from the air inlet into water, and the water flows out through the water outlet. The heat dissipation mechanism is housed in the housing and connected to the air outlet. The heat dissipation mechanism is configured to dissipate heat generated by the condensing mechanism.

A water treatment device comprising a clear container with lid surrounded by a solar reflector, and an insert in the form of a thin sheet or mesh permanently coated with titanium dioxide as a water sanitizing catalyst. The container is filled with non-potable water, covered with the lid, and placed in direct sunlight. Direct and reflected sunlight enters the water through the clear container and lid, where the sunlight's UV radiation and increased solar thermal heat disinfect the water. Further, the catalyst on the insert reacts with dissolved oxygen in the water to produce reactive oxygen species. These reactive species react with and decompose organic compounds in the water, and kill or inactivate pathogens. In addition, the reactive oxygen species further react with the water itself to produce additional free radical species, which also react with and decompose organic compounds and kill or inactivate pathogens.

A water purifier includes a water tank having a cold water path inside the tank, a coolant inside the water tank, a cooling device including an evaporator inside the water tank and through which a refrigerant flows, and a compressor that is operable to compress the refrigerant. The cooling device is configured to cool the coolant to cool water flowing through a temperature sensor, which is configured to detect a temperature of the coolant and output coolant temperature information about the detected temperature of the coolant. The purifier also includes an agitator operable to agitate the coolant and a controller configured to control the compressor and the agitator to operate simultaneously and control the agitator to stop operating while the compressor is controlled to continue operating based on preset ice-making temperature information and the coolant temperature information. There is also a method of controlling a compressor and an agitator.

A filter medium of the present invention includes a porous carbon material having a value of a specific surface area by a nitrogen BET method of 1×10.sup.2 m.sup.2/g or more, a volume of fine pores by a BJH method of 0.3 cm.sup.3/g or more, and a particle size of 75 μm or more, alternatively, a porous carbon material having a value of a specific surface area by a nitrogen BET method of 1×10.sup.2 m.sup.2/g or more, a total of volumes of fine pores having a diameter of from 1×10.sup.−9 m to 5×10.sup.−7 m, obtained by a non-localized density functional theory method, of 1.0 cm.sup.3/g or more, and a particle size of 75 μm or more.

A UV reactor for disinfecting water and including a UV source printed circuit board assembly transfers heat to a heat sink in the form of a water facing thermal coupler. The UV source printed circuit board assembly may include a metal clad printed circuit board having a thermal contact region in thermal communication with the heat sink.

A portable water heater assembly for heating water being dispensed into a drinking glass includes a base that has a fluid reservoir integrated within the base to contain a fluid and a fill port integrated into the base. A bottle is provided to contain water and the bottle is insertable into the fill port to direct the water into the fluid reservoir. A faucet is integrated into the base to dispense the water from the fluid reservoir. A heating element is integrated into the faucet and the heating element is in thermal communication with the faucet. The heating element heats the faucet when the heating element is turned on thereby heating the water when the water flows through the faucet.

A filter device for filtering water. The device includes a housing, for submersion in a water reservoir, that includes an intake aperture for intake of water from the reservoir and a return aperture for returning water to the reservoir. The housing extends along an axis. The device includes a pump, housed in the housing, arranged on the axis to direct fluid from the intake aperture to the return aperture. The device includes a filter arrangement, housed in the housing, arranged along the axis from the pump in a fluid path between the intake aperture and the return aperture.

A filter medium for removing contaminants from water includes a matrix including a plurality of fibers having an electrostatic charge such that the matrix is configured to remove contaminants from water by electrostatic attraction. The filter medium further includes a filler material including a ceramic substrate containing a mineral. The filler material is embedded in the matrix. When water flows through the filter medium, the mineral at least partially dissolves in the water such that a cavity is formed in the matrix in a location of the at least partially dissolved mineral.

A water delivery control system operates to selectively deliver water from a water source to water use devices. The system includes a master controller that wirelessly communicates messages with a plurality of slave controllers. The system includes a valve slave controller associated with a water control valve and a motor that is operative to selectively move at least one valve element of the valve. A water meter is operative to measure water flow that corresponds to flow through the valve. The master controller is operable to cause the valve slave controller to enable or prevent flow through the valve responsive at least in part to water flow data. The controller is operative to determine a water use condition responsive to a water usage pattern, and to cause at least one message to be sent to a portable user device responsive to the determined water use condition. The user interface slave controller is associated with a user interface.

A water softener system includes a brine tank, an ion-exchange resin and a softener control valve fluidly coupling the brine tank and the ion-exchange resin. The softener control valve has an inlet configured to receive a flow of feed-water and an outlet configured to deliver a flow of product water. A flow meter is configured to monitor a flow rate of water to or from the control valve, and a sensor is arranged upstream of the inlet of the softener control valve to measure a fluid property of the flow of feed-water. A controller is configured to calculate an available exchange capacity of the ion-exchange resin using flow rate data from the flow meter and a hardness value of the feed-water, which the controller calculates using a fluid property value from the sensor and a predetermined coefficient. The controller is also configured to initiate a regeneration of the ion-exchange resin using the brine tank and the softener control valve, and to update the predetermined coefficient based at least partially on the calculated available exchange capacity upon initiating the regeneration.