A filter for treating a fluid in a heating and/or cooling system includes: a first body, hollow and substantially cylindrical in shape, and a second body, wherein the first body and second body are mutually and sealingly connected, so as to internally have a chamber, and wherein the hollow first body is provided with a first mouth and a second mouth respectively having a first duct and a second duct allowing the fluid to enter and/or exit the chamber. A filtering element for treating the fluid is housed at least partially in the chamber, in particular the filtering element includes at least one magnetic element The filter includes a shut-off element having an outer wall provided with a channel and an opening, the shut-off element being housed in the first body in such a way that it can rotate about a longitudinal axis in the first body and alternately switch from a first position to a second position.

A water processor is provided for processing or conditioning water to be distributed downstream of the water processor. The water processor includes a housing having an inlet and an outlet opposite the inlet. The water processor includes a conditioning element disposed inside of the housing between the inlet and outlet. The conditioning element includes a plurality of plates having apertures with sharp edges to direct the flow of water and facilitate splitting of small gas bubbles into even smaller nano-bubbles. The plurality of plates include a first plate having a first configuration of apertures and a second plate having a second configuration of apertures. The first and second plates are disposed in alternating spaced arrangement along the longitudinal axis of the housing. The second configuration is different from the first configuration such that the flow path through the water processor is circuitous or substantially indirect.

The invention provides an irradiation device (1) designed to be mounted to an irradiation reactor (20), comprising: an irradiation source (2), preferably an UV-LED, mounted on a heat conductive substrate (3); a disk-like heat sink (4) configured to removably receive the conductive substrate (3) such that heat transfer from the substrate (3) to the heat sink (4) is possible at a contact surface (4a) and such that the irradiation from the irradiation source (2) can pass through an opening (5) of the heat sink (4) into aninterior volume (21) of the irradiation reactor (20) when the irradiation device (1) is mounted to the irradiation reactor (20), wherein the opening (5) of the heat sink (4) is closed by a quartz window (6); fixation means (7) releasably biasing the substrate (3) against the contact surface (4a) of the heat sink (4); and a fluid channel (8) extending along and/or through the heat sink (4), wherein the fluid channel (8) is arranged to communicate with a fluid inlet or outlet port (22) of the irradiation reactor (20) and with one or more outlet openings (9) for discharging the fluid into the interior volume (21) of the irradiation reactor (20) or with one ore more inlet openings (9) for feeding the fluid from the interior volume (21) of the irradiation reactor (20) into the fluid channel (8).

An embodiment provides a method of forecasting water quality deterioration in a water distribution system, including: receiving, at an electronic device, a data set comprising measured values of a plurality of components within the water distribution system; determining, based upon algorithmic analysis of the measured values, a water quality index; and providing, based on the determined water quality index, a recommendation to mitigate water quality deterioration in the water distribution system. Other aspects are described and claimed.

A water quality and flow monitoring and control apparatus, method and system installed at an end user location and being capable of monitoring one or more of the following water quality parameters: microorganisms (including E. coli), mineral or other ion concentration, pH, temperature, and turbidity. The system also has a water meter that detects the flow of water and has a valve to shut the flow of water off upon detecting a fault condition such as a leak.

This disclosure relates to a method, system and apparatus for inactivating microorganisms in an aqueous solution. The method comprises passing bubbles of a gas through the aqueous solution, wherein the gas comprises at least 10% CO2 by volume and has a temperature of at least 18° C. The system comprises a gas supply to supply gas comprising at least 10% CO2 and having a temperature above 18° C., a gas-delivery apparatus to receive the gas and deliver it into the aqueous solution in the form of bubbles. The apparatus comprises a gas-permeable material having a flow surface configured to enable the flow of the aqueous solution across the flow surface, a chamber arranged at an opposite side of the gas-permeable material to supply a gas that inactivates microorganisms such that the gas is able to pass through the gas-permeable material and into the aqueous solution as gas bubbles.

A water conditioning system for evaporative cooling systems reduces operating costs and microbial contamination by introducing positively charged copper-silver ions into water used as a working fluid. Some of the recirculating water is also passed through a magnetic conditioner to increase its conductivity. By concentrating the total dissolved solids (TDS) in a portion of the water to be expelled, the remaining system water plus new make-up water added contains far lower TDS, reducing health risks, maintenance costs, corrosion, and scaling, and extending service life of replaceable filter elements and system machinery. Recovering non-chemically treated cooling tower bleed water with commercial scale nanofiltration water polishing equipment and returning that polished water back to the cooling tower water basin reduces the make-up water required, and may achieve 70% or greater reduction in sewer fees for tower bleed water, along with increased cycles of concentration further reducing requirement for make-up water.

A processor-based method of determining a characteristic of a fluid, the method comprising: obtaining spectral emission signature (SES) data of the fluid, wherein the SES data comprises, for one or more SES channels: intensity of radiation emitted by the fluid, in one or more channel emission frequency bands, at least partially in response to excitation of molecules of the fluid by received radiation of a respective channel transmitted frequency; and utilizing a machine learning model to determine, from the obtained SES data, data indicative of one or more characteristics of the fluid, wherein the machine learning model was trained in accordance with, at least, a plurality of training examples, one or more of the training examples comprising: SES data of a fluid sample, and one or more fluid characteristics of the fluid sample.

UV light disinfecting system where UV light is distributed along the walls of a highly reflective tube. In some embodiments, the UV light disinfecting system is flexible. In at least one embodiment, the UV light disinfecting system includes at least one UV-LED positioned external to a highly reflective tube. In exemplary embodiments, the reflective tube includes a plurality of openings that are arranged so as to position each opening adjacent to a corresponding UV-LED such that UV light generated by the corresponding UV-LED is able to pass through the opening and into the reflective tube. The UV light is scattered along the length of the reflective tube to prevent or eliminate the presence of biofilms as well as to disinfect, sterilize, and purify and pathogens within the tube. Methods to mitigate the growth of biofilms in a water conduit is also provided.

The present invention is a system for treating land, either to reclaim or optimize the land. Embedded subsurface pipes deliver water to the land. The water may be loaded with soil-treating additives. As water streams from the pipes, it treats the land before passing into a drainage ditch around the periphery of the land. The water is removed from the ditch and recycled, removing contaminants (in reclamation operations) or adding more additives (in optimization operations), before returning to the pipes for another round of treatment, if necessary.