A glass container comprises a glass body comprising a first region under a compressive stress extending from a surface of the glass body to a depth of compression and a second region extending from the depth of compression into a thickness of the glass body, the second region being under a tensile stress. The glass container also includes a localized compressive stress region having a localized compressive stress extending from the surface to a localized depth of compression within the body. The localized depth of compression is greater than the depth of compression of the first region. The glass container also includes a crack re-direction region extending in a predetermined propagation direction, wherein the crack re-direction region possesses a higher tensile stress than the tensile stress in the second region in a sub-region of the crack re-direction region, the sub-region extending substantially perpendicular to the predetermined propagation direction.

In embodiments, a delamination resistant glass pharmaceutical package includes a glass body formed from a Type 1 Class glass composition according to ASTM Standard E438-92, the glass body having a wall portion with an inner surface and an outer surface. The glass body may have at least a class A2 base resistance or better according to ISO 695, at least a type HGB2 hydrolytic resistance or better according to ISO 719 and Type 1 chemical durability according to USP <660>. An interior region of the glass body may extend from about 10 nm below the inner surface and having a persistent layer homogeneity. The glass body may also have a surface region extending over the inner surface and having a persistent surface homogeneity such that the glass body is resistant to delamination.

In embodiments, a delamination resistant glass pharmaceutical package includes a glass body formed from a Type 1 Class glass composition according to ASTM Standard E438-92, the glass body having a wall portion with an inner surface and an outer surface. The glass body may have at least a class A2 base resistance or better according to ISO 695, at least a type HGB2 hydrolytic resistance or better according to ISO 719 and Type 1 chemical durability according to USP <660>. An interior region of the glass body may extend from about 10 nm below the inner surface and having a persistent layer homogeneity. The glass body may also have a surface region extending over the inner surface and having a persistent surface homogeneity such that the glass body is resistant to delamination.

A process of producing a glass includes preparing a glass material including silicates; coating a refractory material on the glass material to form a refractory glass material capable of being resistant to 500-1,200 C.; subjecting the refractory glass material to heat to be deformed; shaping the deformed refractory glass material to form a half-finished product having a curved shape by molding; and cooling the half-finished product to produce a finished product. In one embodiment, the refractory material is insulating. In another embodiment, the refractory material is conductive.

A method for homogenizing glass includes the method: providing a cylindrical blank composed of the glass having a cylindrical outer surface that extends along a longitudinal axis of the blank between a first end face and a second end face, forming a shear zone in the blank by softening a longitudinal section of the blank and subjecting it to a thermal-mechanical intermixing treatment, and displacing the shear zone along the longitudinal axis of the blank. The displacement of the shear zone along the longitudinal axis of the blank is superimposed by a simultaneous oscillating motion of the shear zone along the longitudinal axis of the blank. The first end of the blank is rotated at a first rotational speed and the second end of the blank is rotated at a second rotational speed. An oscillating motion of the shear zone is generated by periodically varying the first and/or second rotational speed.

A method for homogenizing glass includes the method: providing a cylindrical blank composed of the glass having a cylindrical outer surface that extends along a longitudinal axis of the blank between a first end face and a second end face, forming a shear zone in the blank by softening a longitudinal section of the blank and subjecting it to a thermal-mechanical intermixing treatment, and displacing the shear zone along the longitudinal axis of the blank. The displacement of the shear zone along the longitudinal axis of the blank is superimposed by a simultaneous oscillating motion of the shear zone along the longitudinal axis of the blank. The first end of the blank is rotated at a first rotational speed and the second end of the blank is rotated at a second rotational speed. An oscillating motion of the shear zone is generated by periodically varying the first and/or second rotational speed.

According to one embodiment, a coated glass package may include a glass body having a Type 1 chemical durability according to USP 660, a class A2 base resistance or better according to ISO 695, and a type HGB2 hydrolytic resistance or better according to ISO 719. The glass body may include an interior surface and an exterior surface. A lubricous coating having a thickness of 100 microns may be positioned on the exterior surface. The portion of the exterior surface with the coating may have a coefficient of friction that is at least 20% less than an uncoated glass package and the coefficient of friction does not increase by more than 30% after undergoing depyrogenation. A horizontal compression strength of the coated glass package is at least 10% greater than an uncoated glass package and the horizontal compression strength is not reduced by more than 20% after depyrogenation.

According to one embodiment, a coated glass package may include a glass body having a Type 1 chemical durability according to USP 660, a class A2 base resistance or better according to ISO 695, and a type HGB2 hydrolytic resistance or better according to ISO 719. The glass body may include an interior surface and an exterior surface. A lubricous coating having a thickness of 100 microns may be positioned on the exterior surface. The portion of the exterior surface with the coating may have a coefficient of friction that is at least 20% less than an uncoated glass package and the coefficient of friction does not increase by more than 30% after undergoing depyrogenation. A horizontal compression strength of the coated glass package is at least 10% greater than an uncoated glass package and the horizontal compression strength is not reduced by more than 20% after depyrogenation.

A blank made of titanium-doped silica glass for a mirror substrate for use in EUV lithography is provided. The blank includes a surface portion to be provided with a reflective film and having an optically used area (CA) over which a coefficient of thermal expansion (CTE) has a two-dimensional inhomogeneity (dCTE) distribution profile averaged over a thickness of the blank. A maximum inhomogeneity (dCTE.sub.max) of less than 5 ppb/K is defined as a difference between a CTE maximum value and a CTE minimum value. The dCTE.sub.max is at least 0.5 ppb/K. The CA forms a non-circular area having a centroid. The dCTE distribution profile is not rotation-symmetrical and is defined over the CA, such that straight profile sections normalized to a unit length and extending through the centroid of the area yield a dCTE family of curves forming a curve band with a bandwidth of less than 0.5dCTE.sub.max.

A blank made of titanium-doped silica glass for a mirror substrate for use in EUV lithography is provided. The blank includes a surface portion to be provided with a reflective film and having an optically used area (CA) over which a coefficient of thermal expansion (CTE) has a two-dimensional inhomogeneity (dCTE) distribution profile averaged over a thickness of the blank. A maximum inhomogeneity (dCTE.sub.max) of less than 5 ppb/K is defined as a difference between a CTE maximum value and a CTE minimum value. The dCTE.sub.max is at least 0.5 ppb/K. The CA forms a non-circular area having a centroid. The dCTE distribution profile is not rotation-symmetrical and is defined over the CA, such that straight profile sections normalized to a unit length and extending through the centroid of the area yield a dCTE family of curves forming a curve band with a bandwidth of less than 0.5dCTE.sub.max.