Methods of forming a foldable substrate comprise providing a glass-based substrate comprising a first compressive stress region extending to an existing first depth of compression from an existing first major surface. Methods comprise contacting the existing first major surface with a solution to remove an outer compressive layer of the first compressive stress region to form a new first major surface. The outer compressive layer ranges from about 0.05 micrometers to about 5 micrometers. The solution can comprise a first temperature in a range from about 60° C. to about 120° C. The solution can comprise an alkaline solution comprising about 10 wt % or more of a hydroxide-containing base. In aspects, the method can comprise one or more of: attaching an adhesive layer to the new first major surface, attaching a display device to the new first major surface, or disposing a coating over the new first major surface.

The present disclosure is directed to glass spheroids and methods of making these spheroids that have significantly increased resilience to applied pressure and surface scratching. In addition, the present disclosure is directed to tailless Prince Rupert's Drops and methods of making tailless Prince Rupert's Drops.

The present invention provides for synthesizing high optical quality multicomponent chalcogenide glasses without refractive index perturbations due to striae, phase separation or crystal formation using a two-zone furnace and multiple fining steps. The top and bottom zones are initially heated to the same temperature, and then a temperature gradient is created between the top zone and the bottom zone. The fining and cooling phase is divided into multiple steps with multiple temperature holds.

The present invention provides for synthesizing high optical quality multicomponent chalcogenide glasses without refractive index perturbations due to striae, phase separation or crystal formation using a two-zone furnace and multiple fining steps. The top and bottom zones are initially heated to the same temperature, and then a temperature gradient is created between the top zone and the bottom zone. The fining and cooling phase is divided into multiple steps with multiple temperature holds.

A glass composition formed of glass frit including P.sub.2O.sub.5, TiO.sub.2 and group I-based oxide, wherein P.sub.2O.sub.5 is contained in an amount of 20 wt % to 30 wt % based on a total weight of the glass frit, wherein TiO.sub.2 is contained in an amount of 10 wt % to 20 wt % based on the total weight of the glass frit, and wherein the group I-based oxide is contained in an amount of 15 wt % to 30 wt % based on the total weight of the glass frit.

A glass composition formed of a glass frit including P.sub.2O.sub.5, SiO.sub.2, B.sub.2O.sub.3, Al.sub.2O.sub.3, ZrO.sub.2 and group I-based oxide, wherein P.sub.2O.sub.5 is contained in an amount of 20 wt % to 40 wt % based on a total weight of the glass frit, SiO.sub.2 is contained in an amount of to wt % to 30 wt % based on the total weight of the glass frit, B.sub.2O.sub.3 is contained in an amount of 3 wt % to 20 wt % based on the total weight of the glass frit, Al.sub.2O.sub.3 is contained in an amount of 7 to 24 wt % based on the total weight of the glass frit, ZrO.sub.2 is contained in an amount of 1 wt % to 7 wt % based on the total weight of the glass frit, and the group I-based oxide is contained in an amount of 7 wt % to 28 wt % based on the total weight of the glass frit.

A process for thermally strengthening a glass article comprising first conveying a glass article, having a temperature above a transition point of the glass of the article, into position between two fluid bearing surfaces then moving the fluid bearing surfaces toward the glass article and cooling the glass article, with at least 20% of said cooling taking place by conduction from the glass article to the fluid bearing surfaces. Apparatuses for performing the process and products resulting are also disclosed.

A process for thermally strengthening a glass article comprising first conveying a glass article, having a temperature above a transition point of the glass of the article, into position between two fluid bearing surfaces then moving the fluid bearing surfaces toward the glass article and cooling the glass article, with at least 20% of said cooling taking place by conduction from the glass article to the fluid bearing surfaces. Apparatuses for performing the process and products resulting are also disclosed.

The present disclosure is directed to glass spheroids and methods of making these spheroids that have significantly increased resilience to applied pressure and surface scratching. In addition, the present disclosure is directed to tailless Prince Rupert's Drops and methods of making tailless Prince Rupert's Drops.

Provided is a silica glass member which exhibits high optical transparency to vacuum ultraviolet light and has a low thermal expansion coefficient of 4.010.sup.7/K or less at near room temperature, particularly a silica glass member which is suitable as a photomask substrate to be used in a double patterning exposure process using an ArF excimer laser (193 nm) as a light source. The silica glass member is used in a photolithography process using a vacuum ultraviolet light source, in which the fluorine concentration is 1 wt % or more and 5 wt % or less, and the thermal expansion coefficient at from 20 C. to 50 C. is 4.010.sup.7/K or less.