A method of sealing a workpiece comprising forming an inorganic film over a surface of a first substrate, arranging a workpiece to be protected between the first substrate and a second substrate wherein the inorganic film is in contact with the second substrate; and sealing the workpiece between the first and second substrates as a function of the composition of impurities in the first or second substrates and as a function of the composition of the inorganic film by locally heating the inorganic film with a predetermined laser radiation wavelength. The inorganic film, the first substrate, or the second substrate can be transmissive at approximately 420 nm to approximately 750 nm.

The present invention relates to a glass having a refractive index of at least 1.7 as well as the use of the glass as a cladding glass of a solid-state laser. The invention also relates to a laser component comprising a core of doped sapphire and a cladding glass being placed on said core. The cladding glass is arranged on said core such that light exiting from the core due to parasitic laser activity can enter the cladding glass and can be absorbed there. The present invention also relates to a method for producing the laser component.

The present invention provides a glass composition that allows holes with a circular contour and a smooth inner wall to be formed by a collective micro-hole-forming process using a combination of modified portion formation by ultraviolet laser irradiation and etching, the glass composition being adapted for practical continuous production. The present invention relates to a glass for laser processing, the glass including a metal oxide serving as a coloring component, the glass having a glass composition including, in mol %: 45.0%SiO.sub.268.0%; 2.0%B.sub.2O.sub.320.0%; 3.0%Al.sub.2O.sub.320.0%; 0.1%TiO.sub.25.0%; and 0%ZnO9.0%, wherein a relationship of 0Li.sub.2O+Na.sub.2O+K.sub.2O<2.0% is satisfied.

A marking composition for forming marks or indicia on a substrate is provided for laser marking applications. The composition includes a glass frit, a carrier, and absorber particles. The glass frit includes alkali metal oxides, glass forming oxides, and one or more transition metal oxides. The glass frit is devoid of at least one of bismuth and zinc.

The invention relates to phosphate-based glasses suitable for use as a solid laser medium, doped with Er3+ and sensitized with Yb, in eye-safe applications. In particular, the invention relates to improving the physical properties of such phosphate-based laser glass composition, particularly with regards to strength of the glass structure and improved thermal shock resistance.

A method of sealing a workpiece comprising forming an inorganic film over a surface of a first substrate, arranging a workpiece to be protected between the first substrate and a second substrate wherein the inorganic film is in contact with the second substrate; and sealing the workpiece between the first and second substrates as a function of the composition of impurities in the first or second substrates and as a function of the composition of the inorganic film by locally heating the inorganic film with a predetermined laser radiation wavelength. The inorganic film, the first substrate, or the second substrate can be transmissive at approximately 420 nm to approximately 750 nm.

Disclosed herein are sealed devices comprising a first substrate, a second substrate, an inorganic film between the first and second substrates, and at least one weld region comprising a bond between the first and second substrates. The weld region can comprise a chemical composition different from that of the inorganic film and the first or second substrates. The sealed devices may further comprise a stress region encompassing at least the weld region, in which a portion of the device is under a greater stress than the remaining portion of the device. Also disclosed herein are display and electronic components comprising such sealed devices.

A refractory material for forming a refractory product includes a refractory component and a taggant having an amorphous or a crystalline solid dispersed within the refractory material. The taggant is configured to be distinguishable from the refractory component after heating of the refractory product between 300 degrees F. and 3500 degrees F. A method of reclaiming refractory material of a refractory lining constructed from different types of refractory products, the refractory lining having been subjected to temperatures in excess of 300 degrees F., includes demolishing the refractory lining to produce a mixture of refractory pieces of different types of refractory products. The mixture of refractory pieces is analyzed to detect the presence of one or more taggants, and the refractory pieces are sorted into groups based on the detected one or more taggants.

A method of making a vacuum insulating panel including a first substrate, a second substrate, a plurality of spacers provided in a gap between at least the first and second substrates, and a seal provided between at least the first and second substrates, the seal comprising a first seal layer, and optionally second and/or third primer layer(s). The method may include at least one of: (i) laser heating, using a laser beam from a laser, the first seal material for firing and/or sintering the first seal material to form the first seal layer, in a manner that causes TeO.sub.4>TeO.sub.3 in the first seal material to transform into TeO.sub.3>TeO.sub.4 due to said laser heating, whereby an amount of TeO.sub.4 decreases and an amount of TeO.sub.3 increases due to said laser heating, and/or (ii) laser heating in a manner that causes V.sub.2O.sub.5>VO.sub.2 in the first seal material to transform into VO.sub.2>V.sub.2O.sub.5 due to said laser heating whereby an amount of VO.sub.2 increases and an amount of V.sub.2O.sub.5 decreases due to said laser heating, so that after said laser heating the first seal layer comprises more VO.sub.2 than V.sub.2O.sub.5 by wt. %.

A method of making a vacuum insulating panel, the vacuum insulating panel comprising a first glass substrate, a second glass substrate, a plurality of spacers provided in a gap between at least the first and second glass substrates, and a seal provided between at least the first and second glass substrates, the seal comprising a first seal layer and/or a second seal layer. The method may include laser heating, using a laser beam from a continuous wave near-IR laser, seal material in order to form the first seal layer; wherein the laser heating may include causing the laser beam to move at a lateral speed of from about 5-70 mm/second relative to the substrates and the first seal material so that the laser beam at least partially passes through at least one of the glass substrates and impinges upon at least the second seal layer in order to heat the second seal layer and fire and/or sinter the first seal material thereby forming the first seal layer.