A nanoparticle coater includes a housing; a nanoparticle discharge slot; a first combustion slot; and a second combustion slot.

In some implementations, a carbon-containing glass material includes a surface-to-air interface and an interphase region extending from the surface-to-air interface along a direction to a depth within the carbon-containing glass material. The surface-to-air interface may be exposed to ambient air, and the interphase region may include a plurality of few layer graphene (FLG) nanoplatelets formed in response to recombination and/or self-nucleation of a plurality of carbon-containing radicals implanted within the interphase region. The FLG nanoplatelets have a non-periodic orientation configured to at least partially inhibit formation or propagation of microcracks and/or micro-voids in the carbon-containing glass material. The glass material may also include a compressive stress layer disposed between the interphase region and the surface-to-air interface of the carbon-containing glass material, the compressive stress layer induced by ion bombardment of the carbon-containing glass material by a plurality of ionized inert gas particles.

A glass composition, a macrocomposite, and methods of forming the macrocomposite including dispersing or immersing a metal in a glass. Preferably, the macrocomposite does not include an organic resin, an adhesive, or a polymer.

An evaporator is provided that includes a porous sintered body. The porous sintered body is formed by a composite of at least one electrically conductive material and at least one dielectric material. The sintered body has an open porosity in a range from 10 to 90% and an electrical conductivity in a range from 0.1 to 105 S/m. The fraction of electrically conductive material in the sintered body is a maximum of 90 wt. %.

A multilayer coil component includes a component element assembly in which an inner conductor is disposed and an outer electrode disposed on the surface of the component element assembly. The component element assembly includes a first dielectric glass layer in which the inner conductor is embedded and second dielectric glass layers that are thin layers disposed on respective principal surfaces of the first dielectric glass layer. The primary component of each of the first dielectric glass layer and the second dielectric glass layers is formed of a glass material and has a filler component containing at least quartz, and the second dielectric glass layers have a lower quartz content than the first dielectric glass layer.

Provided are nanophosphor-attached inorganic particles that can suppress the degradation of the nanophosphor when sealed in glass, and a wavelength conversion member using the nanophosphor-attached inorganic particles. The nanophosphor-attached inorganic particle 10 include: inorganic particles 1 having an average particle diameter of 1 μm or more; and a nanophosphor 2 attached to surfaces of the inorganic particles 1.

A glass ceramic that contains a glass containing Si, B, Al, and Zn and aggregates. The glass has a SiO.sub.2 content of 20% by weight to 55% by weight, a B.sub.2O.sub.3 content of 15% by weight to 30% by weight, Al.sub.2O.sub.3, and ZnO, wherein a weight ratio of the SiO.sub.2 to the B.sub.2O.sub.3 (SiO.sub.2/B.sub.2O.sub.3) is 1.21 or higher, and a weight ratio of the Al.sub.2O.sub.3 to the ZnO (Al.sub.2O.sub.3/ZnO) is 0.8 to 1.3. A TiO.sub.2 content, a ZrO.sub.2 content, a SnO.sub.2 content, and a Sr0 content in the glass each are 0% by weight to 5% by weight. The aggregates include 20% by weight to 50% by weight of SiO.sub.2, 1% by weight to 10% by weight of TiO.sub.2, 3% by weight or less of ZrO.sub.2, and 1% by weight or less of ZnO each relative to the weight of the glass ceramic.

A fluorite synthetic stone comprises: (a) a glass matrix comprising Ca, Si and O, and having a predetermined weight ratio of Ca to Si; and (b) CaF.sub.2 crystals dispersed in the glass matrix at a concentration of at least about 70 wt.%. A method of making fluorite synthetic stones includes formulating a particulate mixture comprising: CaF.sub.2 crystals at a concentration of at least about 70 wt.%; and an excipient having a predetermined weight ratio of Ca to Si. Aggregates are prepared from the particulate mixture. The aggregates are heat treated to form a plurality of fluorite synthetic stones, where each synthetic stone comprises: a glass matrix comprising Ca, Si and O; and CaF.sub.2 crystals dispersed in the glass matrix at a concentration of at least about 70 wt.%.

An optical element reflects radiation, such as EUV radiation. The optical element includes a substrate with a surface to which a reflective coating is applied. The substrate has at least one channel through which a coolant can flow. The substrate is formed from fused silica, such as titanium-doped fused silica, or a glass ceramic. The channel has a length of at least 10 cm below the surface to which the reflective coating is applied. The cross-sectional area of the channel varies by no more than +/−20% over the length of the channel.

The disclosure relates to a Low Temperature Co-fired Ceramic (LTCC) substrate and a preparation method thereof, and in particular to a dielectric-constant-adjustable LTCC substrate and a preparation method thereof. The LTCC substrate of the disclosure includes the following components: glass, SiO.sub.2 and Al.sub.2O.sub.3, a weight percentage of the SiO.sub.2 in the LTCC substrate is 10% to 25%.