A liquid lens that includes: a lens body comprising a first window, a second window, and a cavity disposed between the first window and the second window; and a first liquid and a second liquid within the cavity of the lens body, the first liquid and the second liquid substantially immiscible with each other and having different refractive indices such that an interface between the first liquid and second liquid to form a lens. The sidewall of the cavity has an average surface roughness (R.sub.a) of less than or equal to 200 nanometers (nm). The cavity is disposed within a plate. Further, each of the windows and the plate comprises a glass, glass-ceramic or ceramic composition. In addition, a linearity of a first bottom portion of the sidewall in proximity to the base of the plate can be from 0 m5 m.

A liquid lens that includes: a lens body comprising a first window, a second window, and a cavity disposed between the first window and the second window; and a first liquid and a second liquid within the cavity of the lens body, the first liquid and the second liquid substantially immiscible with each other and having different refractive indices such that an interface between the first liquid and second liquid to form a lens. The sidewall of the cavity has an average surface roughness (R.sub.a) of less than or equal to 200 nanometers (nm). The cavity is disposed within a plate. Further, each of the windows and the plate comprises a glass, glass-ceramic or ceramic composition. In addition, a linearity of a first bottom portion of the sidewall in proximity to the base of the plate can be from 0 m5 m.

According to an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure, a method of manufacturing a display window includes preparing a mother substrate, performing a salt treatment on the mother substrate to form a silicon-rich layer in a surface of the mother substrate to a first depth from the surface of the mother substrate, and removing the silicon-rich layer, wherein the first depth is greater than a depth of any cracks in the surface of the mother substrate, and a ratio of silicon content in the silicon-rich layer to a silicon content in the mother substrate is 1.2 to 1.4.

According to an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure, a method of manufacturing a display window includes preparing a mother substrate, performing a salt treatment on the mother substrate to form a silicon-rich layer in a surface of the mother substrate to a first depth from the surface of the mother substrate, and removing the silicon-rich layer, wherein the first depth is greater than a depth of any cracks in the surface of the mother substrate, and a ratio of silicon content in the silicon-rich layer to a silicon content in the mother substrate is 1.2 to 1.4.

A glass container for storing pharmaceutical formulations may include a glass body formed from a Type IA or Type IB glass composition according to ASTM Standard E438-92(2011). The glass body may include a wall portion with an inner surface and an outer surface, a heel portion and a floor portion, wherein the inner surface of the glass container is formed by the inner surface of the glass body. The glass body may include at least a class A2 base resistance or better according to ISO 695, at least a type HGB2 hydrolytic resistance or better according to ISO 719 and Type 1 chemical durability according to USP <660>. The glass container does not comprise a boron-rich layer on the inner surface of the glass body in as formed condition.

A glass container for storing pharmaceutical formulations may include a glass body formed from a Type IA or Type IB glass composition according to ASTM Standard E438-92(2011). The glass body may include a wall portion with an inner surface and an outer surface, a heel portion and a floor portion, wherein the inner surface of the glass container is formed by the inner surface of the glass body. The glass body may include at least a class A2 base resistance or better according to ISO 695, at least a type HGB2 hydrolytic resistance or better according to ISO 719 and Type 1 chemical durability according to USP <660>. The glass container does not comprise a boron-rich layer on the inner surface of the glass body in as formed condition.

A method of modifying a glass substrate comprises: generating surface features with peaks and valleys on a first surface of a glass substrate, the surface features providing a roughness average (Ra) within the range of 10 nm to 2000 nm; generating a region of the glass substrate that is under compressive stress, the region extending from the first surface to a depth of compression; and removing a portion of the region under compressive stress from the first surface into the depth of compression to define a new first surface still having surface features with peaks and valleys providing a roughness average (Ra) within the range of 10 nm to 2000 nm. Removing the portion of the region under compressive stress from the first surface into the depth of the compression to define a new first surface can comprise contacting the first surface with a light etchant.

A method of modifying a glass substrate comprises: generating surface features with peaks and valleys on a first surface of a glass substrate, the surface features providing a roughness average (Ra) within the range of 10 nm to 2000 nm; generating a region of the glass substrate that is under compressive stress, the region extending from the first surface to a depth of compression; and removing a portion of the region under compressive stress from the first surface into the depth of compression to define a new first surface still having surface features with peaks and valleys providing a roughness average (Ra) within the range of 10 nm to 2000 nm. Removing the portion of the region under compressive stress from the first surface into the depth of the compression to define a new first surface can comprise contacting the first surface with a light etchant.

A method for treating a silicon substrate, and a silicon substrate, provide a surface treated with an accelerated neutral beam.

Glass pharmaceutical packages comprising glass containers are disclosed. In embodiments, a coated glass pharmaceutical package includes a glass container formed from one of a borosilicate glass composition that meets Type 1 criteria according to USP <660> or an alkali aluminosilicate glass having a Class HGA 1 hydrolytic resistance when tested according to the ISO 720-1985 testing standard. A lubricous coating may be positioned on at least a portion of the exterior surface of the glass container. The portion of the coated glass pharmaceutical package with the lubricous coating has a coefficient of friction that is at least 20% less than an uncoated glass container formed from the same glass composition. A horizontal compression strength of the portion of the coated glass pharmaceutical package with the lubricous coating may be at least 10% greater than an uncoated glass container formed from the same glass composition.