A glass-ceramic includes glass and crystalline phases, where the crystalline phase includes non-stoichiometric suboxides of titanium, forming bronze-type solid state defect structures in which vacancies are occupied with dopant cations.

According to one embodiment, a floating conveyor is configured to convey a substrate while floating the substrate. The floating conveyor includes a lower floating section and an upper floating section with a conveying path of the substrate therebetween. A plurality of floating blocks that constitute at least one of the lower floating section and the upper floating section are arranged to be separated by a space, and a floating block that constitutes the other is arranged to face the space.

A stress-engineered frangible structure includes multiple discrete glass members interconnected by inter-structure bonds to form a complex structural shape. Each glass member includes strengthened (i.e., by way of stress-engineering) glass material portions that are configured to transmit propagating fracture forces throughout the glass member. Each inter-structure bond includes a bonding member (e.g., glass-frit or adhesive) connected to weaker (e.g., untreated, unstrengthened, etched, or thinner) glass member region(s) disposed on one or both interconnected glass members that function to reliably transfer propagating fracture forces from one glass member to other glass member. An optional trigger mechanism generates an initial fracture force in a first (most-upstream) glass member, and the resulting propagating fracture forces are transferred by way of inter-structure bonds to all downstream glass members. One-way crack propagation is achieved by providing a weaker member region only on the downstream side of each inter-structure bond.

A glass-ceramic includes glass and crystalline phases, where the crystalline phase includes non-stoichiometric suboxides of titanium, forming bronze-type solid state defect structures in which vacancies are occupied with dopant cations.

Computer-implemented methods and apparatus are provided for predicting/estimating (i) a non-equilibrium viscosity for at least one given time point in a given temperature profile for a given glass composition, (ii) at least one temperature profile that will provide a given non-equilibrium viscosity for a given glass composition, or (iii) at least one glass composition that will provide a given non-equilibrium viscosity for a given time point in a given temperature profile. The methods and apparatus can be used to predict/estimate stress relaxation in a glass article during forming as well as compaction, stress relaxation, and/or thermal sag or thermal creep of a glass article when the article is subjected to one or more post-forming thermal treatments.

A method of chemically strengthening a glass. The method includes heating an ion exchange solution to a temperature less than about 360 C., and contacting the glass and the strengthening solution at the temperature for a duration from about 0.5 hours to about 24 hours. The ion exchange solution includes a primary nitrate and at least one monovalent or divalent cation nitrate component in an amount from about 1 wt. % to about 10 wt. %.

A method for tinting glass lenses, comprising the immersion of a glass lens in a bath comprising at least one salt constituted by a cation selected from the group constituted by a transition metal, a metal of the p block of the periodic table, a rare earth metal, and by an anion selected from the group constituted by a halide, a sulfate, a nitrate; the tinting salt is mixed with another salt constituted by a cation selected from the group constituted by an alkaline metal, an alkaline earth metal, and by an anion selected from the group constituted by a halide, a sulfate, a nitrate.

A roller train and a substrate conveying device are provided. The roller train is used for a substrate and includes a first roller including a first delimitation part, and a second roller including a second delimitation part. An axial line of the first roller is parallel to that of the second roller; the first roller and the second roller contact an upper surface and a lower surface of the substrate, respectively; and, the first delimitation part and the second delimitation part are arranged on the first axis and the second axis, respectively, and configured to delimit axial displacement of the first roller and the second roller, respectively. The first delimitation part and the second delimitation part cooperate to prevent misalignment between the first roller and the second roller.

Embodiments disclosed therein generally pertain to selectively strengthening glass. More particularly, techniques are described for selectively strengthening cover glass, which tends to be thin, for electronic devices, namely, portable electronic devices.

Computer-implemented methods and apparatus are provided for predicting/estimating (i) a non-equilibrium viscosity for at least one given time point in a given temperature profile for a given glass composition, (ii) at least one temperature profile that will provide a given non-equilibrium viscosity for a given glass composition, or (iii) at least one glass composition that will provide a given non-equilibrium viscosity for a given time point in a given temperature profile. The methods and apparatus can be used to predict/estimate stress relaxation in a glass article during forming as well as compaction, stress relaxation, and/or thermal sag or thermal creep of a glass article when the article is subjected to one or more post-forming thermal treatments.