According to one or more embodiments described herein, an apparatus may hold and retain glass articles during processing. The apparatus may comprise a base frame comprising a bottom support plate and a plurality of ware keepers positioned on the bottom support plate. Each ware keeper of the plurality of ware keepers may comprise a plurality of retention bodies formed from wire segments and defining a ware receiving volume therebetween. Each retention body may comprise one or more of a base connection stem, a seat segment, a body segment, a retention segment, and a lever segment. The seat segments of the retention bodies may form a ware seat positioned above and substantially parallel to the bottom support plate. According to another embodiment, an assembly may comprise a plurality of magazine apparatus.

A method of etching a display panel for manufacturing a curved display device comprises the steps of: applying a masking ink in a manner of immersing a non-etched portion of a display panel into an ink reservoir, which contains the masking ink, in order to protrude the non-etched portion from the display panel; curing the masking ink coated on the non-etched portion of the display panel; etching the display panel to reduce the thickness of the display panel by coating an etching liquid onto the display panel on which the masking ink is cured; and removing the masking ink from the etched display panel with a solvent, which dissolves the masking ink.

A method of UV photobleaching a glass sample having UV-induced colorization is disclosed. The processed includes first irradiating the glass sample with colorizing UV radiation having a colorizing wavelength of λ.sub.C<300 nm to form the colorized glass, which has a pink hue. The method then includes irradiating the colorized glass with bleaching UV radiation having a bleaching wavelength of λ.sub.B, wherein 248 nm≦λ.sub.B≦365 nm, to substantially remove the pink hue.

A method of manufacturing a glass substrate having a penetrating structure, the method includes: (1) preparing a glass substrate that has a first surface and a second surface opposite to each other, and includes 3 mol % to 30 mol % of B.sub.2O.sub.3 in terms of oxide; (2) having the glass substrate irradiated with a laser from a first surface side, to form an initial penetrating structure; (3) wet etching the glass substrate having the initial penetrating structure formed; (4) polishing the wet-etched glass substrate from the first surface side, by using an abrasive including acid-soluble abrasive grains; and (5) cleaning the glass substrate with an acid solution.

In a method for removing an organic adhesive from a glass carrier in a semiconductor manufacturing process, the glass carrier is placed into a process chamber. The glass carrier is rotated and heated sulfuric acid is applied or sprayed onto the glass carrier. Ozone is introduced into the process chamber. The ozone diffuses through the sulfuric acid to the organic adhesive on the surface of the glass carrier. The sulfuric acid and the ozone chemically react with the organic adhesive and remove it from the glass carrier.

A method for producing a chemically strengthened glass, including a step of bringing a glass containing sodium into contact with an inorganic salt containing potassium nitrate, thereby performing ion exchange of a Na ion in the glass with a K ion in the inorganic salt, in which the inorganic salt contains at least one salt selected from the group consisting of K.sub.2CO.sub.3, Na.sub.2CO.sub.3, KHCO.sub.3, NaHCO.sub.3, K.sub.3PO.sub.4, Na.sub.3PO.sub.4, K.sub.2SO.sub.4, Na.sub.2SO.sub.4, KOH and NaOH, and the method includes: a step of washing the glass after the ion exchange; a step of subjecting the glass to an acid treatment after the washing; and a step of subjecting the glass to an alkali treatment after the acid treatment.

The present invention relates to a process for manufacturing glass sheets with diffuse finish and the resulting glass sheet by this process. The glass sheet is subjected to a series of alternate immersions in acidic solutions and alkaline solutions to remove impurities and waste and to generate a diffuse finish on both sides of the glass sheet. The process generates in the glass sheet in at least one side, a diffuse surface with a peak to valley roughness (Rt) of between 5.8343 μm and 9.3790 μm; an average roughness (Ra) value between 0.8020 μm and 0.9538 μm; an RMS roughness between 0.9653 μm and 1.1917 μm; a solar transmission between 84.8% and 46.50%; a solar reflection between 7.4 and 4.4%; a light transmission between 88.5% and 67.70%; a reflection of light between 6.50% and 5.20%; and UV transmission between 35.60% and 70.20%.

A glass for a pharmaceutical container of the present invention contains, as a glass composition, in terms of mol %, 70% to 85% of SiO.sub.2, 3% to 13% of Al.sub.2O.sub.3, 0% to 5% of B.sub.2O.sub.3, 0.1% to 18% of Li.sub.2O+Na.sub.2O+K.sub.2O, and 0% to 10% of MgO+CaO+SrO+BaO, in which a molar ratio (Li.sub.2O+Na.sub.2O+K.sub.2O)/Al.sub.2O.sub.3 is 1 or more and a molar ratio (Li.sub.2O+Na.sub.2O+K.sub.2O+MgO+CaO+SrO+BaO—Al.sub.2O.sub.3)/(SiO.sub.2+Al.sub.2O.sub.3) is 0.2 or less.

A glass tube for pharmaceutical containers and a process for the production of a glass tube are provided. The glass tubes have low alkali leachability and are devoid of a lamp ring.

An object of the present invention is to provide a chemically strengthened glass having enhanced surface strength and bending strength. The present invention relates to a chemically strengthened glass having a compressive stress layer formed on a surface layer thereof by an ion exchange method, in which a straight line obtained by a linear approximation of a hydrogen concentration Y in a region of a depth X from an outermost surface of the glass satisfies a specific relational equation (I) in X=0.1 to 0.4 (μm), and an edge surface connecting main surfaces on a front side and a back side of the glass has a skewness (Rsk) measured based on JIS B0601 (2001) being −1.3 or more.